Determination of elemental carbon component of soot in ambient aerosol samples

Delumyea, R. G.; Lih-Ching, Chu; Macias, E.S.

doi:10.1016/0004-6981(80)90047-5

Cited by 56 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…show that the blackness of those samples is due to their elemental carbon content and that elemental carbon concentrations can be expressed with reasonable accuracy as a linear function of the log of the reflectance ratio R /R (Delumyea et al, 1980). Elemental carbon 0 concentrations thus should be directly proportional to aerosol loadings evaluated in Km units.…”

Section: Elemental Carbon Samples Examined By Laboratory Reflectometersmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Analysis of Light Elements (GRALE) technique (Macias et al, 1978 Both elemental carbon measurement methods are described by Delumyea et al (1980), and results of the reflectance analyses are reported by Conklin et al (1981). Analysis of the elemental carbon content of these filters using the laboratory reflectometer calibrated by Delumyea et al (1980) introduces a second optical instrument into this experiment in addition to Km samplers .…”

Section: Elemental Carbon Samples Examined By Laboratory Reflectometersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elemental carbon concentrations: Estimation of an historical data base

Cass

Conklin

Shah³

et al. 1984

Atmospheric Environment (1967)

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While recent advances in instrumentation permit routine determination of elemental carbon concentrations in atmospheric aerosol samples, historical data on elemental carbon concentrations are absent.Two methods are available for the estimation of an historical data base for elemental carbon concentrations : calibration of reflectance-based tape samplers and analysis of archived high volume sampler filters.

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Section: Elemental Carbon Samples Examined By Laboratory Reflectometersmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Elemental Carbon Samples Examined By Laboratory Reflectometersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elemental carbon concentrations: Estimation of an historical data base

Cass

Conklin

Shah³

et al. 1984

Atmospheric Environment (1967)

Self Cite

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“…Particle Soot Absorption Photometer (PSAP) are frequently employed and used to infer a BC concentration. These optical techniques are also frequently applied to individual filter samples (e.g., Lin et al, 1973;Delumea et al, 1980;Campbell et al, 1996;Martins et al, 1996;Martins et al, 1998a). As is discussed in the companion papers to this manuscript (such as Reid et al, 2004), the specific absorption of black carbon (that is to say the absorption cross section for a given amount of black carbon mass) is highly variable.…”

Section: Compositional Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of biomass burning emissions part II: intensive physical properties of biomass burning particles

Reid¹,

et al. 2005

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Abstract. The last decade has seen tremendous advances in atmospheric aerosol particle research that is often performed in the context of climate and global change science. Biomass burning, one of the largest sources of accumulation mode particles globally, has been closely studied for its radiative, geochemical, and dynamic impacts. These studies have taken many forms including laboratory burns, in situ experiments, remote sensing, and modeling. While the differing perspectives of these studies have ultimately improved our qualitative understanding of biomass-burning issues, the varied nature of the work make inter-comparisons and resolutions of some specific issues difficult. In short, the literature base has become a milieu of small pieces of the biomass-burning puzzle. This manuscript, the second part of four, examines the properties of biomass-burning particle emissions. Here we review and discuss the literature concerning the measurement of smoke particle size, chemistry, thermodynamic properties, and emission factors. Where appropriate, critiques of measurement techniques are presented. We show that very large differences in measured particle properties have appeared in the literature, in particular with regards to particle carbon budgets. We investigate emissions uncertainties using scale analyses, which shows that while emission factors for grass and brush are relatively well known, very large uncertainties still exist in emission factors of boreal, temperate and some tropical forests. Based on an uncertainty analysis of the community data set of biomass burning measurements, we present simplified models for particle size and emission factors. We close this review paper with a discussion of the community experimental data, point to lapses in the data set, and prioritize future research topics.

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“…In urban areas, diesel emissions are one of the major sources for black carbon, which is often used as a marker for urban pollution (Delumyea et al, 1980;Salma et al, 2004); furthermore, its temporal pattern could be related to traffic intensity (Ruellan and Cachier, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A TGA/FT-IR study for measuring OC and EC in aerosol samples

et al. 2006

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Abstract. Carbon analysis consists in the evaluation of the carbonaceous content of the aerosol (TC) but, more importantly, of its distribution between the two components EC (Elemental Carbon) and OC (Organic Carbon) that are characterized by different physical-chemical properties. In spite of the numerous studies focused on this topic, nowadays a universal methodology for the determination of the two components EC and OC is not available. In fact OC and EC (also known as black carbon or soot) are operationally defined by the method of analysis and, as a consequence, different methods can produce different results.In this paper we present results on the application of TGA/FT-IR (Thermo-gravimetric Analysis/Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy) to the characterization of carbonaceous aerosols. The analytical methodology was applied to PM10 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter smaller than 10 µm) four-hour time resolution samples collected in Milan urban area. The method is a two-steps thermal one and it is based on the different thermal behaviour of OC and EC. It has been set up analyzing suitable standards containing both organic and elemental carbon. Carbon quantification is achieved by on-line, continuous monitoring of CO 2 infrared absorption at 2361 cm −1 . A good separation between OC and EC on particulate matter (PM) samples has been obtained. Ranges and average values were 12-70 µg/m 3 and 20 µg/m 3 for OC and 0.2-6 µg/m 3 and 2 µg/m 3 for EC. On average OC and EC made up 29 (±13)% and 2.5 (±1.8)% of the PM10 fraction, respectively. The method reliability has been verified by a preliminary comparison with TOT (Thermal Optical Transmission) technique. OC and EC values determined for ambient samples of PM10 were correlated with meteorological parameters as well as with Radon concentrations.

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Determination of elemental carbon component of soot in ambient aerosol samples

Cited by 56 publications

References 10 publications

Elemental carbon concentrations: Estimation of an historical data base

Elemental carbon concentrations: Estimation of an historical data base

A review of biomass burning emissions part II: intensive physical properties of biomass burning particles

A TGA/FT-IR study for measuring OC and EC in aerosol samples

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