Determination of Energy Usage and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Lavender Production

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to reveal the energy usage and greenhouse gas emission in lavender production. The study has been conducted in 2022 in Center district of Kırklareli province in Turkey and covers the 2021-2022 production seasons. Agricultural inputs and outputs were calculated to calculate the energy use and greenhouse gas emissions in lavender production. According to the research results, the inputs are 5883.39 MJ ha-1 (59.30%) farmyard manure energy, 2425.51 MJ ha-1 (24.45%) diesel fuel energy, 732.02 MJ ha-1 (7.38%) chemical fertilizers energy, 421.89 MJ ha-1 (4.25%) machinery energy, 276.70 MJ ha-1 (2.79%) human labour energy, 97.31 MJ ha-1 (0.98%) transportation energy and 84.81 MJ ha-1 (0.85%), vermicompost energy, respectively. Total input and output energy were calculated as 9921.63 MJ ha-1 and 12859.77 MJ ha-1, respectively. Energy use efficiency (EUE), specific energy (SE), energy productivity (EP) and net energy (NE) were calculated as 1.30, 2.86 MJ kg-1, 0.35 kg MJ-1 and 2938.13 MJ ha-1, respectively. The total energy input can be classified as 27.24% direct, 72.76% indirect, 62.94% renewable and 37.06% non-renewable. GHG ratio value was calculated as 0.08 kg CO2-eqkg-1 in lavender production.

A Study on Determination of Energy Productivity and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Wheat Production

“…Studies on EUE and GHG emissions were conducted and continue to be done in the world and in Turkey. Mohammadi et al (2008), Tipi et al (2009), Barut et al (2011), Azarpour (2012), Alipour et al (2012), Baran and Karaağaç (2014), Baran et al (2015), Baran (2016), Bayhan (2016), Aydın et al (2017), Baran et al (2021), Çelen et al (2017), Çıtıl et al (2020), Aydın (2020), Demir et al (2022), Gökduman et al (2022), Demir and Gökdoğan (2023), Seydoşoğlu et al (2023), Turan et al (2023), Hacıoğlu et al (2024 conducted studies regarding the subject.…”

Energy Balance and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Production in Türkiye

“…For instance, studies have been conducted on the energy efficiency of various crops such as maize (Konak et al, 2004), wheat (Gökdoğan and Sevim, 2016), legumes (Ertekin et al, 2010) and chickpea (Marakoğlu et al, 2010), sunflower (Bayhan, 2016;Akdemir et al 2017), sesame (Baran and Gokdogan, 2017). And also research has been carried out on the GHG of cotton (Pishgar-Komleh et al, 2012a), potato (Pisghar-Komleh et al, 2012b), lavender (Demir et al, 2022), wheat (Khoshnevisan et al, 2013), garlic (Baran et al, 2023), watermelon (Demir, 2023), rice (Maraseni et al, 2018), onion (Ozbek et al, 2021) etc. The energy efficiency analysis and GHG emission of sesame production in Manavgat-Antalya has not been investigated.…”