Determination of Fecal Coliform Loading and its Impact on River Water Quality for TMDL Development

Gautam, Brajesh; Kasi, Murthy; Lin, Wei

doi:10.2175/193864706783751609

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Also, the high fecal coliform counts in the downstream are due to sewage discharges from domestic sources. Cities and suburbs contribute human wastes to rivers through their sewer systems 8 .…”

Section: Fc and Tc Levels In The Downstream Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Water Quality of Buhisan, Bulacao and Lahug Rivers, Cebu, Philippines Using Fecal and Total Coliform as Indicators

Bensig¹,

Flores²,

Maglangit³

2014

Curr World Environ

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This study was conducted to evaluate and compare the water quality of Buhisan, Bulacao and Lahug rivers in Cebu, Philippines using coliforms as indicators. Monthly sampling started from November 2011 to April 2012 in the upstream, midstream and downstream stations. The multiple tube fermentation technique was used for the analysis of coliforms. High total and fecal coliform counts were observed in the three rivers from February to April, but the difference in values across time was not significant. Fecal coliform counts of Buhisan and Bulacao rivers differed significantly across sampling stations. This was most likely due to the low fecal coliform (FC) values in the upstream compared with the midstream and downstream. The generally high FC and TC levels throughout the sampling period confirmed the presence of fecal pollution in the rivers. Organic pollution and the presence of coliforms could be related to the accumulation of wastewater due to high impact human activities across the river networks. It is therefore recommended to conduct an inventory and monitor non-point sources of water pollution, establish wastewater treatment measures and enforce policies for river protection.

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Section: Fc and Tc Levels In The Downstream Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Water Quality of Buhisan, Bulacao and Lahug Rivers, Cebu, Philippines Using Fecal and Total Coliform as Indicators

Bensig¹,

Flores²,

Maglangit³

2014

Curr World Environ

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“…In the EMC approach, average flow rates and event mean pollutant concentrations were calculated on a daily basis. The methods used for model simulations and EMC calculations are discussed in detail in our previous work (Gautam et al, 2006).…”

Section: Figure 1 Red River Basin and The Study Area (Source: Usgs mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The calibrated SWMM model from our earlier work (Gautam et al 2006) was used to simulate runoffs from various sources in the study area and also to simulate river flow rates and fecal coliform concentrations for different rainfall conditions. To determine the relationship between rainfall characteristics, the impact of runoffs on river fecal coliform EMCs was estimated for different rainfall volumes and durations.…”

Section: Runoff Impact On River Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SWMM model simulation results were dynamic and provide time varying flow rates and concentrations. The model simulation results were combined with spreadsheet calculations to obtain average flow rates and EMCs for river using the same methods that were used for runoffs in our earlier work (Gautam et al, 2006).…”

Section: Runoff Impact On River Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rainfall volume alone does not provide the critical conditions for rainfall. From our earlier work (Brajesh et al, 2006), runoff was found to be a function of rainfall intensity and duration and thus intensity and duration are important characteristics of rainfall in determining runoff impact on river water quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk Based Critical Condition Analysis for the Red River Fecal Coliform TMDL

Kasi¹,

Lin²,

Magel³

et al. 2007

proc water environ fed

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Identification of critical conditions has been a challenging task in total maximum daily load (TMDL) development for nonpoint source (NPS) pollution. Traditional approaches to establish critical conditions based on minimum river flow conditions, such as 7Q10, alone may not be appropriate for time varying NPS dicsharge such as rainfall generated agricultural or urban runoffs. While determining load capacity of the river to assimilate pollutants and still meet water quality standards, river flow as well as rainfall conditions should be considered for NPS pollution. Rainfall, intensity and duration, have a significant impact on runoff flowrate and pollutant concentration and should be considered while determining critical rainfall conditions. In this study, an analysis of rainfall's impact on river water quality was conducted for Red River of the North fecal coliform TMDL as a function of rainfall intensity and duration. The analysis results were used to identify the combinations of rainfall intensity and duration that caused the greatest impact on river water quality and estimate the risks associated with combinations of river flow and rainfall conditions. For watersheds such as the reaches of upper Red River Basin in the present study that have great seasonal variations and very low river flow rates during certain periods of a year, minimum river flow conditions may not be appropriate for critical river flow conditions. A risk based statistical analysis was developed to determine critical river flow conditions. Results from the risk based analysis for critical river flow and rainfall conditions were used in determining the river loading capacity and load reduction requirements.

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Modelling total suspended solids, E. coli and carbamazepine, a tracer of wastewater contamination from combined sewer overflows

Pongmala

Autixier

Madoux-Humery

et al. 2015

Journal of Hydrology

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Determination of Fecal Coliform Loading and its Impact on River Water Quality for TMDL Development

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Assessment of the Water Quality of Buhisan, Bulacao and Lahug Rivers, Cebu, Philippines Using Fecal and Total Coliform as Indicators

Assessment of the Water Quality of Buhisan, Bulacao and Lahug Rivers, Cebu, Philippines Using Fecal and Total Coliform as Indicators

Risk Based Critical Condition Analysis for the Red River Fecal Coliform TMDL

Modelling total suspended solids, E. coli and carbamazepine, a tracer of wastewater contamination from combined sewer overflows

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