Determination of feeding rate ratio in coupled fed-batch fermentation with pH feedback considering limited number of switches

Artificial intelligence system for enhanced automated 1,3-propanediol green biosynthesis

“…Many pH logic controlbased systems were designed for the fed-batch production of 1,3-PDO, but most of the studies only conducted theoretical work with simulation for verification. [31][32][33][34] Thus, the automation control strategy for feed rate regulation is still a great challenge for the commercial fermentation of 1,3-PDO.…”