Determination of fifteen water and fat-soluble UV filters in cosmetics by pressurized liquid extraction followed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

Abstract

An analytical method based on pressurized liquid extraction followed by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was developed for the simultaneous analysis of fifteen organic UV filters.

Different miniaturized extraction methodologies followed by GC–MS/MS analysis for the determination of UV filters in beach sand

“…The main factor to take into account when performing solvent extractions is the solvent selection. Based on previous experience on the analysis of UV filters in cosmetic samples , in which acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, acetone, hexane/acetone, and methanol provided similar efficiency, we initially chose ethyl acetate to perform the extractions since, in this way, the extracts could be directly analyzed by GC–MS/MS.…”

“…The main factor to take into account when performing solvent extractions is the solvent selection. Based on previous experience on the analysis of UV filters in cosmetic samples [17,24], in which acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, acetone, hexane/acetone, and methanol provided similar efficiency, we initially chose ethyl acetate to perform the extractions since, in this way, the extracts could be directly analyzed by GC-MS/MS. However, with the aim of using the extracts to perform an additional SPME step (where it is necessary to dilute the extract with water) and since ethyl acetate is not miscible with water, US-assisted extraction was tested with three different solvents: ethyl acetate, methanol, and acetone.…”

“…With regard to beach sand, only one study has been published , and the extraction was performed by vortex solid‐liquid extraction followed by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction. Concerning UV filter analysis, both gas chromatography and liquid chromatography coupled to MS detection have been employed.…”

An Overview of the Analytical Methods for the Determination of Organic Ultraviolet Filters in Cosmetic Products and Human Samples

“…Depending on the cosmetic product's type (i.e., consistency), the next steps in the procedure may include sonicating the sample for a few minutes (5-30 min, 40 • C) [10,, magnetic mixing [34,35], mechanical shaking [20,36], vortexing (3-4 min), [25,29,32,37], or centrifuging (1-20 min, 3500-14,800 rpm) [14,19,20,25,27,29,32,33], which can help accelerate the solubilisation. The obtained supernatant is often filtered as well (e.g., 0.45 µm nylon membrane filter) [10,[13][14][15][16][17][18][21][22][23][24][25][26]37] and/or evaporated [19,25,27,29,33,38]. Benzophenone derivatives…”

Ultrasound–Vortex-Assisted Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction Combined with High Performance Liquid Chromatography–Diode Array Detection for Determining UV Filters in Cosmetics and the Human Stratum Corneum

“…Due to their widespread use in cosmetic products and the potential presence of chemical UV filters in the skin, body fluids, and the environment, a range of sample pretreatment methods for chemical UV filters have been developed for analytical purposes [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. For example, solid-phase extraction has received growing attention in recent years, but this process requires the use of expensive consumables and specific devices, in addition to being time-consuming and exhibiting a carry-over effect.…”