Determination of filtration and dewatering parameters of sediments in industrial filters

Abstract

Basic equations (laws) of various filtration processes (with the formation of sediment, intermediate, and standard laws, filtration with decreasing number of open pores in the filter), as well as equationsfor determination of dewatering parameters are examined. As an example, optimal operating regimes of a vaccum disk filter were defined via computer for determination of the law and parameters of the filtration process.Filtration is one of the most widespread processes employed for the treatment of products that differ with respect to their properties. The problem of determining filtration parameters is urgent in this connection [1][2][3][4].For this purpose, methods based on computer facilities are being employed all the more widely. Nicolaou [5], for example, presents results of investigations of the separation parameters of suspensions, especially for processes in a continuous-action disk vacuum filter, which were obtained by computer methods.Moreover, modern procedures have been proposed for determination of parameters of a filtration process with the formation of a sediment, which make it possible to accelerate the design of industrial filtering equipment and determine their optimal operating conditions on the basis of these procedures.In addition, separation processes in filters may, as previously conducted investigations have demonstrated [6,7], also proceed in accordance with other laws. In this connection, the procedure proposed in this paper calls for preliminary determination of the law, according to which the filtration process proceeds, and more accurate determination of process parameters for subsequent analysis of industrial filters. Determination of Laws and Corresponding Filtration ParametersBasic equations for different filtration processes are presented in Table 1, where τ is the time of filtration in sec; V′ is the volume of filtrate obtained per unit area of filtering surface in m 3 /m 2 ; R 1 is the overall filtration resistance, as applies to An iron-ore concentrate with a solid-phase particle size of 0.044 m (GOST 15054-80), volume concentration of 66%, and specific surface of 1910 cm 2 /g was selected as an example for determination of the law and parameters of the filtration process. A fabric with the trademark Voskresenskaya 0597/106 (filtration-surface area of 0.0013 m 2 ) was used as the filtering partition. The filtration was carried out in a laboratory unit under vacuum, and the volume of filtrate measured at five points over time ( Table 2).Results of the analysis indicated that for the case in question the filtration proceeds according to the law with sediment formation (Figs. 1 and 2).Parameters of the filtration process, which correspond to this law, were then determined -the average specific resistance of the sediment, and the resistance of the filtering material, as applies to a unit of viscosity (Figs. 3 and 4).An engineering analysis of the filtration (Figs. 5 and 6) and dewatering (Figs. 7 and 8) processes, which were conducted on a filter with the trademark DOO 100-2.5-1U ...

The determination of hydraulic resistance during laminar filtration through layers of sorbents and ion-exchange granules in environmental mass exchange equipment

“…Filtration flows are used in many industrial processes and products of various branches of mechanical engineering, in technologies and equipment of the chemical industry and related industries [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Filtration is used in water treatment processes and in environmental technologies .…”