Determination of forming limit diagrams of AA6013-T6 aluminum alloy sheet using a time and position dependent localized necking criterion

DiCecco, Sante; Butcher, Cliff; Worswick, Michael J.; Boettcher, E; Chu, Ernest H. Y.; Shi, Cangji

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/159/1/012009

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…A minimum of four specimens per geometry and temperature condition were tested for this work. The readers are referred to references [3] and [4] for further details on the testing procedures, such as the lubrication scheme, clamping loads, and heating methods.…”

Section: Yield Surface Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So-called time-dependent methods have recently been proposed for use in elevated temperature forming applications [2], [3], [4], [5] and are a focus of the current work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So-called time-dependent methods have recently been proposed for use in elevated temperature forming applications [2], [3], [4], [5] and are a focus of the current work. While the FLD is a useful tool in conjunction with numerical techniques, accurate prediction of the formability of a sheet component is strongly dependent on the ability of the material model to capture the temporal strain evolution within the part [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical and experimental investigation of the formability of AA6013-T6

DiCecco

Ciano

Butcher

et al. 2017

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Abstract. AA6013 is an age-hardenable, aluminum alloy with the potential for structural applications in weight-sensitive automotive components. The alloy is at peak strength in the T6 temper, but exhibits relatively low room temperature formability. In an effort to avoid costly post-forming heat-treatments, warm forming of the AA6013 in the T6 temper is investigated in the current work. The experimental formability of the alloy is characterized from room temperature to 250°C through limiting dome height (LDH) tests with a Nakazima hemispherical punch and in-situ stereoscopic digital image correlation (DIC) strain measurement. A forming limit diagram (FLD) is generated from the application of a curvature-based necking criterion to the elevated temperature LDH test results. The evolution of the strain distribution prior to necking is explored using models of the plane strain LDH tests at room temperature and 200°C. At 200°C, strain rate effects are explored relative to the local temporal strain evolution. Modelling efforts include development of a Barlat Yld2000 yield surface to capture the anisotropy of the alloy and use of experimentally obtained isothermal flow-stress curves. The effects of different tensile gage lengths on flow-stress and yield surface calibration for warm tensile testing are discussed. The room temperature model was found to accurately depict the thinning strain distribution consistent with the "safe" thinning strain distribution at room temperature. At 200°C, it is shown that the temporal strain evolution is strongly influenced by strain-rate effects. IntroductionThe application of aluminum in vehicle design and fabrication has seen a steady rise over the past two decades in an effort to meet increasingly stringent emissions and fuel economy mandates. To continue the trend of light-weighting, heat-treatable high-strength 6xxx and 7xxx aluminum alloys are under consideration for the fabrication of structural components that have historically been reserved for high-strength low-alloy steels. Heat-treatable aluminum alloys are at peak strength in the T6 temper, but have relatively low room temperature (RT) formability. To improve the formability of heattreatable alloys without altering the final temper, the warm forming processing route is considered [1].Before developing a warm forming processing route, the warm formability response of the intended alloy, often characterized in terms of a forming limit curve, must be established under processing parameters comparable to the intended application. So-called time-dependent methods have recently been proposed for use in elevated temperature forming applications [2], [3], [4], [5] and are a focus of the current work.

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Section: Yield Surface Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So-called time-dependent methods have recently been proposed for use in elevated temperature forming applications [2], [3], [4], [5] and are a focus of the current work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical and experimental investigation of the formability of AA6013-T6

DiCecco

Ciano

Butcher

et al. 2017

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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“…In their studies, it was observed that sheet formability was improved significantly with the increase in temperature, and that forming speed has a small effect on sheet formability. Dicecco et al (2016) determined the FLD of AA6013-T6 aluminum alloy using the localized necking criterion. In their work, the forming limit behaviors of aluminum alloy sheets were investigated under isothermal conditions at room temperature and 250ºC by using the LDH test.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical and experimental investigation of forming limit diagrams of 6063 aluminum alloy sheets using Ayada ductile fracture criterion and the second derivative of large strain criterion at increased temperatures

Heidari

Ghassemi

Atrian

2018

Lat. Am. j. solids struct.

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The present study investigated the forming limit diagrams (FLDs) of aluminum alloy 6063 sheets using numerical and experimental methods at increased temperatures. In the numerical section, for the first time, the Ayada ductile fracture criterion and the second derivative of the large strain criterion were used. ABAQUS finite element (FE) analysis software was employed for the simulations. In order to determine necking time, after simulation, relevant data such as stress history, principal stresses, equivalent strain history, and large strain were extracted and the conditions for the necking criteria were investigated. To obtain the FLD in the experimental part, a Nakazima format was used. Experiments were conducted at temperatures of 25, 150, 200 and 250 degrees Celsius for the samples with equal lengths and different widths. Ayada criterion had better compatibility with the left side of the FLD (for small negative strains), while the second derivative of the large strain criterion had better compatibility with the right side of the diagrams (for small positive strains). The results also showed that with the increase in temperature, the FLD moved upward and sheet forming was improved. This improvement was almost similar for the temperatures of 150 and 200ºC, while the processing temperature of 250ºC led to significant improvement in forming, as compared to other temperatures.

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“…Accordingly, the Nakajima test is usually conducted for the several specimens to find the various strain paths that presents forming response of material from uniaxial to biaxial stretched loading state. In this method, the limit strains are determined by an inverse parabolic fit [2,3] or time-dependent technique [2,4] at or after the onset of necking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forming limit curve determination of AA6061-T6 aluminum alloy sheet

Nguyen

2017

Sci. Tech. Dev. J.

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The forming limit curve (FLC) is used in sheet metal forming analysis to determine the critical strain or stress values at which the sheet metal is failing when it is under the plastic deformation process, e.g. deep drawing process. In this paper, the FLC of the AA6061-T6 aluminum alloy sheet is predicted by using a micro-mechanistic constitutive model. The proposed constitutive model is implemented via a vectorized user-defined material subroutine (VUMAT) and integrated with finite element code in ABAQUS/Explicit software. The mechanical behavior of AA6061-T6 sheet is determined by the tensile tests. The material parameters of damage model are identified based on semi-experience method. To archive the various strain states, the numerical simulation is conducted for the Nakajima test and then the inverse parabolic fit technique that based on ISO 124004-2:2008 standrad is used to extracted the limit strain values. The numerical results are compared with the those of MK, Hill and Swift analytical models.

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Determination of forming limit diagrams of AA6013-T6 aluminum alloy sheet using a time and position dependent localized necking criterion

Cited by 16 publications

References 7 publications

Numerical and experimental investigation of the formability of AA6013-T6

Numerical and experimental investigation of the formability of AA6013-T6

Numerical and experimental investigation of forming limit diagrams of 6063 aluminum alloy sheets using Ayada ductile fracture criterion and the second derivative of large strain criterion at increased temperatures

Forming limit curve determination of AA6061-T6 aluminum alloy sheet

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