Determination of Free and Esterified Fatty Acids in Hydrocoles of Different Content of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids by Gas–liquid Chromatography

Nikonova, A. A.; Shishlyannikov, Sergey M.; Shishlyannikova, Tatyana A.; Avezova, Tatiana Nikolaevna; Babenko, T.A.; Белых, О. И.; Glyzina, Olga; Оболкин, В. А.; Pavlova, Olga; Smagunova, A. N.; Sukhanova, E. V.; Тихонова, И. В.; Khanaeva, T. A.; Khutoryansky, V.A.

doi:10.1134/s1061934820100093

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Qualitative and quantitative analyses of fatty acids. To extract fatty acids (FA), 1.2 mL of Folch solution (chloroformmethanol, 2:1 by volume) was added to each sample, then it was placed into an ultrasonic bath (3 × 5 min) (Nikonova et al, 2020(Nikonova et al, , 2022. After that, 0.35 mL of distilled water was added to the extracts (chloroform-methanol-water partition 2:1:1 v/v).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonspecific response of Lake Baikal phytoplankton to anthropogenic impact

Nikonova

Vorobyeva

2022

Vestn. VOGiS

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In this study, we present the first results on oxidation stress in Lake Baikal phytoplankton and its adaptation to environmental changes under anthropogenic impact. As was shown, the changing of the dominant species of phytoplankton collected from the surface water layer (~0.3 m) took place from February to June 2021. Phytoplankton were collected at a nearshore station (a littoral station at a distance of ~0.01 km from the shoreline, depth to bottom is ~5 m) and an offshore station (a pelagic station at a distance of ~1 km from the shoreline, depth to bottom is ~543 m). In February, dinoflagellates were dominant (~40 %) as well as diatoms (≤33 %) and green algae (≤12 %). Their biomass was 100 mg·m–3. In March, chrysophytes were dominant (up to 50 %) as well as cryptophytes (≤43 %) and dinoflagellates (≤30 %). Their biomass was 160–270 mg·m–3. In April, biomass increased up to 700–3100 mg·m–3 with the dominance of large cell dinoflagellates (up to 99 %), chrysophytes (up to 50 %), and cryptophytes (up to 35 %). By the end of the first decade of May, the percentage of dinoflagellates decreased and that of cryptophytes increased. In the second decade of May, the percentage of diatoms increased up to ~26–38 % but phytoplankton biomass was minimal (13–30 mg·m–3). By June, the percentage of diatoms in the samples reached 44–75 % at 60–550 mg·m–3. The oxidation stress of phytoplankton as a nonspecific adaptive response to a prolonged, intensive, or recurrent effect of a stress factor was estimated from the content of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). The mean content of these substances (markers of the lipid peroxidation) was determined spectrophotometrically. The oxidation stress of phytoplankton was revealed only when diatom algae dominated. It can be explained by adaptation of algae of other classes to the stress factor. The content of the lipid peroxidation markers in the coastal phytoplankton collected close to the settlement of Listvyanka known as a large touristic center was estimated from 100 to 500 μg·g–1 of dry weight of sample. During the period of diatom blooming in 2016 and 2018, oxidation stress of phytoplankton collected near large settlements was found. In phytoplankton from deep-water pelagic stations most remote from settlements, stress was not revealed. Using the method of gas chromatography, we showed a lower (up to 15 %) content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in phytoplankton characterized by stress occurrence. This confirms cell membrane damages. In Lake Baikal surface water, we found a higher content of synthetic anionic surfactants (sodium alkylbenzene sulfonates), which are components of detergents and cause oxidation stress of hydrobionts (up to 30 ± 4 μg·L–1). The presence of these substances in a water ecosystem can result in exhausting of phytoplankton cell resources, homeostasis imbalance, stress, pathological changes, and rearrangements in phytoplankton assemblage.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonspecific response of Lake Baikal phytoplankton to anthropogenic impact

Nikonova

Vorobyeva

2022

Vestn. VOGiS

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“…The mixtures were vigorously shaken for 0.5 min and centrifuged at 13,000 rpm for 3 min. The chloroform extracts were put into 10 mL glass vials and the solvent evaporated using an argon stream [31].…”

Section: Lipid Extraction and Derivatization Of Fa To Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (Fames)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fatty acid (FA) composition of phytoplankton depends on metabolism, abiotic factors [28][29][30], and biotic factors. Lake Baikal phytoplankton produce esterified and free fatty acids [29], including essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) [31,32]. FAs migrate through food webs and have an impact on the functioning and energetic potential of all organisms [33,34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty Acid Changes in Nearshore Phytoplankton under Anthropogenic Impact as a Biodiversity Risk Factor for the World’s Deepest Lake Baikal

et al. 2022

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In this study, we present results on fatty acid analysis of phytoplankton of Lake Baikal, the world’s deepest lake, which differs from other lakes by its oceanic features. Since we used a large-mesh net, the net sample phytoplankton were primarily represented by the large elongated diatom Synedra acus. subsp. radians (Kützing) Skabichevskij. The similar algae composition of net samples of spring season phytoplankton collected at different sites of the lake allows us to compare results of the fatty acid analysis of these samples. The phytoplankton diversity of the sedimentation samples was contrary represented by 32 algae species. There are clear changes in the fatty acid composition of net phytoplankton exposed to anthropogenic impacts of varying intensity. The content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in phytoplankton collected from central stations (pelagic stations at a distance of ~10–30 km from the shoreline) without anthropogenic impact was higher by up to 15% than phytoplankton collected from nearshore stations (littoral stations at a distance of ~0.01–0.05 km from the shoreline) and offshore stations (pelagic stations at a distance of ~3 km from the shoreline). The interlaboratory precision of fatty acid determination of phytoplankton is estimated as ≤10%. We found high content of the lipid peroxidation marker (80–340 μg g−1 of dry weight) in phytoplankton from nearshore and offshore stations with intensive anthropogenic impact. In phytoplankton from central stations, we did not find any lipid peroxidation. Determination of unsaturated fatty acids, coupled with analysis of fatty acid peroxidation products, can be used to evaluate the level of anthropogenic impact in terms of ecological health and biodiversity conservation.

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“…Fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) were derived through the acid esterification of fatty acids as described earlier [26]. First, 4.5 mL of 2% H 2 SO 4 solution in methanol was added to the dry fraction.…”

Section: Fatty Acid Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid and Fatty Acids Accumulation Features of Entomoneis cf. paludosa during Exponential and Stationary Growth Phases in Laboratory Culture

Bedoshvili

Podunay²,

Nikonova

et al. 2021

Diversity

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Diatoms are capable of accumulating substantial amounts of triacylglycerides in their cells, which differ in the composition of fatty acids depending on the conditions of cultivation, making them attractive subjects in biotechnology. In the present study, we characterized the structural features of lipid bodies in the diatom Entomoneis cf. paludosa (W. Smith) Reimer strain 8.0727-B and revealed the peculiarities of fatty acid composition in cultures during the stationary and exponential growth phases. Laser scanning confocal microscopy revealed an increased number of lipid bodies in the cytoplasm during the stationary phase of culture growth. Electron microscopy of ultrathin sections showed that an extreme increase in the number and size of plastoglobules in the cells occurs in the stationary phase of culture growth. The gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection method revealed differences in the fatty acid composition depending on the growth phase. The studied strain can be recommended as a source of hexadecanoic and octadecanoic fatty acids from the culture during the stationary growth phase, as well as eicosapentaenoic fatty acid from the culture during the exponential growth phase.

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Determination of Free and Esterified Fatty Acids in Hydrocoles of Different Content of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids by Gas–liquid Chromatography

Cited by 10 publications

References 47 publications

Nonspecific response of Lake Baikal phytoplankton to anthropogenic impact

Nonspecific response of Lake Baikal phytoplankton to anthropogenic impact

Fatty Acid Changes in Nearshore Phytoplankton under Anthropogenic Impact as a Biodiversity Risk Factor for the World’s Deepest Lake Baikal

Lipid and Fatty Acids Accumulation Features of Entomoneis cf. paludosa during Exponential and Stationary Growth Phases in Laboratory Culture

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