Determination of free- and protein primary amino
acids in biological materials by high-performance
liquid chromatography and photodiode array
detection

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The effect of diets enriched in CLA isomer mixture (CLAmix) and/or selenized yeast (Se-Y) on the concentration of fatty acids (FA), amino acids (AA), Se, Fe and Zn in the liver and femoral muscles was studied on 4 groups of 7-8 rats aged 8 weeks. Rats were fed the Labofeed H diet for 29 days (control group) or the diet enriched with 2% CLAmix with or without 1.2 ppm Se as Se-Y (the experimental groups). Feeding the CLAmix-enriched diet reduced the body weight of rats, while the diet containing CLAmix and Se-Y increased it in comparison with the control rats. The muscle concentrations of non-essential and essential amino acids, and in particular, sulphur amino acids (ΣS-AA) can be signifi cantly increased, while the muscle concentration of total fatty acids (ΣFA), decreased by feeding the diet with Se-Y and CLAmix. Feeding the diet with Se-Y leads to signifi cant lowering of the ratios of ΣS-AA, methionine, cysteine and taurine to Se concentrations in the liver and muscles as compared with the control group. Dietary Se-Y or CLAmix lead to a decrease in the concentrations of atherogenic and thrombogenic saturated fatty acids (SFA) in muscles. Feeding the diet with Se-Y and CLAmix increased the concentration of Se and the atherogenic and thrombogenic indexes in the liver and muscles. There were also higher concentrations of cis9trans11CLA and t10c12CLA in the muscles compared with the concentrations of these isomers in the liver of rats fed the diets enriched in only CLAmix. Deposition in the liver and femoral muscle of trans10cis12CLA was higher in both tissues than cis9trans11CLA. The diet with CLAmix, regardless of the presence of Se-Y, decreased the rate of elongation and Δ5-, Δ9-desaturase capacities of in the liver and muscle. The diet with CLAmix effectively increased the ratio of PUFAn-3/SFA, 3 Corresponding author: e-mail: m.czauderna@ifzz.pan.pl 349 CZAUDERNA M. ET AL.PUFAn-6/SFA, PUFAn-3/ΣFA and PUFAn-6/ΣFA in muscles. The interaction between Se-Y and CLAmix decreased the capacity of liver and muscle desaturation, i.e. these dietary additives reduced the ratio of unsaturated fatty acids to SFA in the liver and muscles.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Saponifi Cation and Preparation Of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary selenized yeast and CLA isomer mixture affect fatty- and amino acid concentrations in the femoral muscles and liver of rats

Czauderna¹,

Kowalczyk²,

Niedźwiedzka³

et al. 2009

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“…The methods of protein amino acid (AA) conversion to o-phthaldialdehyde (OPA)-derivatives (OPA-AA) followed by reversed-phase (RP) HPLC separations and quantifi cations of OPA-AA in the livers and muscles of rats were applied as previously described (Czauderna et al, 2002(Czauderna et al, , 2003aNiedźwiedzka et al, 2006b).…”

Section: Chromatographic Equipment and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the influence of different chemical forms of selenium and the profiles of CLA isomers in the diet on the fatty acid and amino acid contents in the liver and femoral muscles of rats

Czauderna¹,

Kowalczyk²,

Korniluk³

et al. 2007

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The infl uence of diets enriched in 2% CLA isomer mixture (as CLAmix A or CLAmix B ) and/or Se as selenate (Se VI ) or selenized yeast (Se-Y) on the concentration of fatty acids (FA) and amino acids (AA) in the liver and femoral muscles was studied on 8 groups of 7-8 rats aged 8 weeks. Rats were fed a basal diet for 29 days or diets enriched with two combinations of 2% CLAmix A with/without 2 ppm Se (as Se VI ) or 2% CLAmix B with/without 1.2 ppm Se (as Se-Y). The dietary CLAmix B containing the higher concentration of trans10cis12CLA (t10c12CLA) resulted in a higher decrease of body weight gain (BWG) (P<0.1) than the dietary CLAmix A with the lower concentration of t10c12CLA. The diet enriched in Se VI reduced the BWG (P<0.05) in rats. The dietary CLAmix A lowered the concentration of saturated FA (SFA), atherogenic SFA and thrombogenic SFA in the liver and muscles. The value of the Δ9-desaturase index decreased in the liver and muscles of rats fed the diet enriched in CLAmix A or CLAmix B compared with that in the control rats. There were signifi cantly higher (P<0.01) concentrations of c9t11CLA, t10c12CLA, ccCLA and ttCLA in the muscles compared with the concentrations of these isomers in the liver of rats fed the diets enriched in CLAmix A or CLAmix B , regardless the presence of extra Se as Se VI or Se-Y. The ratio (R t10c12/c9t11 ) of t10c12CLA and c9t11CLA in the liver and muscles of rats fed the diets enriched in CLA isomers was, regardless of the presence of Se, smaller compared with the values of R t10c12/c9t11 in the dietary CLA isomers. The concentrations of CLA isomers tended to or signifi cantly increased in the liver and muscles of rats fed diets containing Se and CLA isomers compared with rats fed the diets enriched in CLA isomers. The concentrations of PUFAn-3, PUFAn-6, PUFA and the ratio of PUFA/SFA decreased in the muscles of rats fed the diet with CLAmix A . The results suggest that the dietary CLAmix A containing the higher concentration of ttCLA, regardless of the presence of Se VI , more effi ciently reduced the magnitude of lipoprotein synthesis in muscles than the diet containing CLAmix B with/without Se-Y, Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences, 16, 2007, 678-695 while dietary Se-Y most effectively reduced the anti-obesity properties of CLA isomers in rats. The diets enriched in CLA isomers (as CLAmix A or CLAmix B ), regardless of the presence of Se VI , led to a decrease in the concentration of methionine (Met) in the liver and the concentration of all amino acids in the muscles, while increasing the concentration of Met in muscles.

“…Other FA as well as CLA isomers and CFA were derivatized and then quantifi ed according to Czauderna et al (2002b). Amino acid concentrations in all assayed samples were determined according to Czauderna et al (2002a).…”

Section: Chemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of selenate and linseed oil on fatty-acid and amino-acid profiles in the liver, muscles, fat tissues and blood plasma of sheep

Niedźwiedzka¹,

Kowalczyk²,

Czauderna³

2008

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Twenty individually-housed male Polish Merino lambs with an initial body weight of 25±2 kg were used in the experiment. Each group comprised 5 lambs. Sheep were fed the control or experimental diets enriched in 5% linseed oil (LO), 2 ppm selenium as selenate (SE) or combined addition of 5% LO and 2 ppm selenium (LOSE). The effects of the experimental diets on organs and body weight gain (BWG) of the sheep were small, but the LOSE treatment increased BWG and the weight of M. biceps femoris, M. longissimus dorsi, and the liver. The diets enriched in LO with or without SE decreased the concentration of atherogenic and thrombogenic saturated fatty acids in muscles, liver and perirenal fat tissues. The LO treatment increased the concentration of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers in the subcutaneous and perirenal fat tissues, liver, M. longissimus dorsi and blood plasma in comparison with the control. Dietary LO with or without SE resulted in negligible changes in the concentration of CLA isomers in M. biceps femoris. The diet enriched in SE decreased the concentration of CLA isomers in both muscles compared with control muscles, whereas it increased in the plasma, liver and perirenal fat tissue. There was a LO and SE interaction for the CLA isomer concentration in the perirenal fat tissue and plasma; this treatment resulted in an increase of the CLA isomer concentration in these tissues compared with the control. The diets enriched in LO or with LO and SE increased the concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the subcutaneous fat tissue, plasma, and perirenal fat tissue. Feeding the diet with LO increased the concentrations of cis9cis12C18:2 and cis9cis12cis15C18:3 in the subcutaneous fat tissue, muscles and plasma in comparison with the control. LO supplementation to sheep increased the concentration of essential (ΣE-AA), non-essential (ΣNE-AA) and sulphur (ΣS-AA) amino acids in the muscles; the diet enriched in LO with or without SE decreased ΣE-AA, ΣNE-AA, ΣS-AA and ΣAA in the liver. These diets increased the nutritional value of meats as the ratio of SFA/MUFA and SFA/PUFA decreased, while the concentration of ΣE-AA increased. The diet containing SE with or without LO resulted in an increase in the Se concentration in meat, plasma, and liver compared with the control.