Determination of gemifloxacin in different tissues of rat after oral dosing of gemifloxacin mesylate by LC–MS/MS and its application in drug tissue distribution study

Roy, B. C.; Das, Apurba; Bhaumik, Uttam; Sarkar, Amlan Kanti; Bose, Anirbandeep; Mukharjee, Jayanti; Chakrabarty, Uday S; Das, Anjan Kumar; Pal, Tapan Kumar

doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2009.12.019

Cited by 37 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The stock solutions of the new fluoroquinolones, used for the validation of liquid chromatographic methods, have been prepared in several solvents: water, methanol, acetonitrile and a mixture of water/methanol or water/acetonitrile [54][55][56][57][58]. In some cases, to deviate from neutral pH and thus enhance solubility in water, a basic solution (NaOH) was added in the preparation of LEV and SPA stock solutions, whereas for GAT, MOX, TRO and ULI an acid (HCl, formic acid, orthophophoric acid) or a phosphate buffer at pH 3 were also used [59][60][61][62][63][64][65].…”

Section: Physicochemical Properties and Stability Of Fluoroquinolonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The homogenization procedure also contributes to the extraction of the analytes from the tissue into a solvent that can be further treated by any of the techniques mentioned above [57,84,113]. In some cases the homogenization was carried out with a buffer, namely phosphate-buffered saline solution, but in other cases it was used in combination with a chemical disrupting reagent such as an organic solvent or an acid [84,106,108].…”

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Amongst the fragment ions produced, the most prominent is finally chosen for the sensitive quantification of the analyte. The precursor-to-product ion transitions are monitored by multiple or selected reaction monitoring mode (MRM or SRM) [57,62,98,112]. Some authors proposed the fragmentation mechanism of fluoroquinolones by interpreting the product ion mass spectrum obtained.…”

Section: Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The product ions of GAT are formed by the loss of H 2 O or CO 2 under ESI-MS/MS conditions used by Vishwanathan et al [110]. In the determination of GEM by Robledo and Smyth [91] and Roy et al [57], the GEM parent ion loses an H 2 O molecule to give the abundant product ion, chosen for the detection monitoring of the ion transition. However, this transition was not the only one selected for the quantification of GEM by ESI-MS/ MS. Doyle et al [112] chose another product ion; under their experimental conditions, an intense signal was detected and considered to be consistent with the loss of a methoxy radical plus the loss of methanoic acid from the GEM chemical structure.…”

Section: Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analytical methods for determination of new fluoroquinolones in biological matrices and pharmaceutical formulations by liquid chromatography: a review

et al. 2012

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Fluoroquinolones are one of the most promising and intensively studied drugs of contemporary anti-infective chemotherapy. New fluoroquinolone antibacterials with improved pharmacokinetic properties and a broad spectrum of activity have been developed, opening new windows of opportunity for clinical use. To our knowledge, no comprehensive and critical review of the analytical methods for the determination of these agents, which correspond to the third- and fourth-generation quinolones, has yet been published. This work summarizes for the first time most of the liquid chromatographic methods reported in the literature for the separation and quantification of the new fluoroquinolones in biological matrices and pharmaceutical formulations. A systematic and detailed survey of physicochemical properties, sample preparation procedures, and chromatographic and detection conditions is presented herein. In the course of this review several liquid chromatographic methods are discussed: reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), ion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography (IEX-HPLC), hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC), high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and other chiral chromatographic methods. Their advantages, applicability and limitations are also examined.

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Section: Physicochemical Properties and Stability Of Fluoroquinolonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analytical methods for determination of new fluoroquinolones in biological matrices and pharmaceutical formulations by liquid chromatography: a review

et al. 2012

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“…On the other hand the use of acids in protein precipitation often results in the co-precipitation of the analyte and reduces the sensitivity of the process 54 . Apart from these literature reports presents the application of Liquid Liquid Extraction (LLE) and Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) as important tool for protein separation and sample preparation 40,41,52 .…”

Section: Methodology: 21 Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2016

IJPSR

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ABSTRACT:Fluoroquinolones are the most commonly prescribed synthetic antibacterial agents having improved pharmacokinetic properties and broad spectrum of activity. Due to their broad clinical activity they are the most promising drug for antibacterial chemotherapy. The current study focused on the application of similar chromatographic system for the analysis of a number of fluoroquinolones from bulk, pharmaceutical formulations and biological matrices. We have also summarized how a single chromatographic system can be used for the quantification of a number of fluoroquinoloes from their respective marketed formulation. A detailed systemic survey of the sample preparation techniques, the chromatographic conditions and detection of the respective fluoroquinolones has been presented in this study. In the course of this discussion the advantages and applicability of the high performance liquid chromatographic techniques are also examined.

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Spectrofluorimetric analysis of gemifloxacin mesylate in pharmaceutical formulations

et al. 2013

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A simple, rapid and highly sensitive spectrofluorimetric method was developed for determination of gemifloxacin mesylate (GFX) in tablets. The method is based on measuring the native fluorescence of GFX in isopropanol at 400 nm after excitation at 272 nm. The fluorescence-concentration plot was rectilinear over the range of 0.01-0.50 µg/mL with a lower detection limit of 1.19 ng/mL and quantification limit of 3.6 ng/mL. The method was fully validated and successfully applied to the determination of GFX tablets with an average percentage recovery of 99.65 ± 0.532. The method was extended to the stability study of GFX. The drug was exposed to acidic, alkaline, oxidative and photolytic degradation according to International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. The rate of GFX degradation was found at its highest in acidic conditions, and in its lowest in the neutral one. However, it was stable under dry heat and photolytic degradation conditions.

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Determination of gemifloxacin in different tissues of rat after oral dosing of gemifloxacin mesylate by LC–MS/MS and its application in drug tissue distribution study

Cited by 37 publications

References 15 publications

Analytical methods for determination of new fluoroquinolones in biological matrices and pharmaceutical formulations by liquid chromatography: a review

Analytical methods for determination of new fluoroquinolones in biological matrices and pharmaceutical formulations by liquid chromatography: a review

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Spectrofluorimetric analysis of gemifloxacin mesylate in pharmaceutical formulations

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