Determination of genotoxic and antigenotoxic properties of essential oil from Ferula orientalis L. using Ames/Salmonella and E. coli WP2 bacterial test systems

Abstract

The essential oils having many application fields such as medicine, flavoring, cosmetics are natural products obtained from aromatic plants. As the natural products of Ferula species have a wide range of use in folk medicine, this study was planned to evaluate the mutagenic and antimutagenic activities of essential oils of leaves and flowers of Ferula orientalis grown in Erzurum, through the bacterial reverse mutation assay. Furthermore, the chemical compositions of essential oils isolated by the hyrodistillation method were analysed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), as their biological activities were connected to their contents. According to our results, any tested essential oil at any used concentration on Salmonella typhimurium TA1535 and TA1537 strains and in Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA strain showed no mutagenic activity. However, the tested materials at different concentrations showed antimutagenic activities against the used mutagens. The inhibition rates ranged against sodium azide (NaN3) on S. typhimurium TA1535 from 29% to 36%, against 9-aminoacridine (9-AA) on S. typhimurium TA1537 from 40% to 68% and against N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) on E. coli WP2 uvrA from 23% to 52%, respectively. Also, it is revealed by GC and GC/MS analysis of the essential oils isolated from the leaves and flowers, respectively. The major compounds in these oils were determined as α-cadinol, δ-cadinene and germacrene D-4-ol. The results of this study indicate that as the essential oils of F. orientalis have many constituents, they show no mutagenic activity but significant antimutagenic activity, and these materials can be safely used in medicinal applications after further investigations.

Chemical composition and phagocyte immunomodulatory activity of Ferula iliensis essential oils

“…Essential oils are plant extracts that contain mixtures of terpenes and have a wide range of pharmacological activities [8]. For example, essential oils extracted from various Ferula species have been reported to exhibit antioxidant, antiinflammatory, anti-mutagenic, antimicrobial, and antifungal activities [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Although essential oils from various Ferula species have been shown to contain monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and polysulfides [14,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22], the chemical composition of essential oils isolated from many native Ferula spp.…”

Evaluation of Antimutagenic and Antioxidant Properties in Fomes fomentarius L.: Potential Development as Functional Food

“…Some compounds of these groups revealed antimutagenic effects [44][45][46]. The essential oils extracted from Ferula orientalis L. exhibited antimutagenic effects in S. typhimurium [44]. The essential oils and monoterpenes extracted from Salvia officinalis L. also showed antimutagenic effects [45].…”

“…This method is particularly useful for identifying active ingredients from natural sources, especially when natural products with diethyl ether, such as essential oils, terpenes, alkaloids, steroids, and lipid-soluble vitamins, are primarily extracted [43]. Some compounds of these groups revealed antimutagenic effects [44][45][46]. The essential oils extracted from Ferula orientalis L. exhibited antimutagenic effects in S. typhimurium [44].…”

Chemistry, Bioactivity, and Prediction of the Quality Marker (Q-Marker) of Ferula Plants in China: A Review

“…With the gradual increase in domestic research in the field of biological activity of the genus Ferula, the bioactive compounds were isolated from the Ferula plant by various applied extraction techniques [87], and a number of different compounds with anti-tumor [88], anti-allergy, anticoagulation [89], bacterial inhibition [90], action in the gastrointestinal system [91], nervous system [92], cardiovascular system [93,94], and other pharmacological activities have been found in the genus Ferula [95][96][97].…”