Determination of glyphosate and AMPA in freshwater and soil from agroecosystems by 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl chloride derivatization and liquid chromatography - fluorescence detection and tandem mass spectrometry

Alonso, Beatriz; Griffero, Luciana; Pereira, Heinkel Bentos; Pareja, Lucia; Pérez-Parada, Andrés

doi:10.1016/j.mex.2022.101730

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In Uruguay, the presence of pesticide residues has been reported in watercourses and drinking water (37)(38) , in soil (39)(40) , in the air (41) , in beehives and in component parts of beehives (42)(43)(44)(45) , and in agrifoods (46)(47)(48) . Furthermore, there are several studies on the effect of the use of pesticide products at the biota level in environmental compartments (49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54)(55)(56)(57) .…”

Section: Toxicology and Ecotoxicology Characterization Of Major Used ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide dependence and associated risks in Uruguayan agriculture: limitations in its approach

Palladino¹,

García²,

Fernández³

2023

Agrocienc Urug

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Pesticides have become an essential input for agriculture in the last decades. However, the growing concern about the potential impact produced by such dependency on human health and the environmental level has led to strong questionings about the use of pesticides worldwide. This paper aims to analyze the use of pesticides in Uruguay's agriculture and their potential risks with an emphasis on ecotoxicological risks. For such purposes, data on imports and use of pesticides in Uruguay and some other agricultural regions corresponding to the last two decades (2000-2020) were collected. In addition, information on the risks associated with the use of different pesticides compiled in the Pesticide Properties Database of the University of Hertfordshire was reviewed, as well as information generated by related national and international research. The information collected indicates high intensity usage of pesticides in Uruguayan agriculture and uncertainties in relation to environmental risks that may arise from the current forms of use.

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Section: Toxicology and Ecotoxicology Characterization Of Major Used ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide dependence and associated risks in Uruguayan agriculture: limitations in its approach

Palladino¹,

García²,

Fernández³

2023

Agrocienc Urug

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“…Principal component analysis (PCA) of the relationship between EDCs detected in the R. Liffey (pink), R. Ter (green), and R. Thames (blue) without caffeine, where the percentage explained by the axes is presented in brackets and concentrations were normalized by compound. References [46,[133][134][135][136][137][138][139][140] are cited in the Supplementary Materials. Acknowledgments: Thanks are extended to Mathavan Vickneswaran, Melanie Egli, and Nuria Caceres for their assistance with sample collection, and James Andrews and Luis Arnedo for R assistance.…”

Section: Supplementary Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

International Comparison, Risk Assessment, and Prioritisation of 26 Endocrine Disrupting Compounds in Three European River Catchments in the UK, Ireland, and Spain

et al. 2023

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Endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) constitute a wide variety of chemistries with diverse properties that may/can pose risks to both humans and the environment. Herein, a total of 26 compounds, including steroids, flame retardants, and plasticizers, were monitored in three major and heavily urbanized river catchments: the R. Liffey (Ireland), the R. Thames (UK), and the R. Ter (Spain), by using a single solid-phase extraction liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPE-LC-MS/MS) method. Occurrence and frequency rates were investigated across all locations over a 10-week period, with the highest concentration obtained for the flame retardant tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) at 4767 ng∙L−1 in the R. Thames in Central London. Geographical variations were observed between sites and were partially explained using principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). In particular, discrimination between the R. Ter and the R. Thames was observed based on the presence and concentration of flame retardants, benzotriazole, and steroids. Environmental risk assessment (ERA) across sites showed that caffeine, a chemical marker, and bisphenol A (BPA), a plasticizer, were classified as high-risk for the R. Liffey and R. Thames, based on relative risk quotients (rRQs), and that caffeine was classified as high-risk for the R. Ter, based on RQs. The total risks at each location, namely ΣRQriver, and ΣrRQriver, were: 361, 455, and 723 for the rivers Liffey, Thames, and Ter, respectively. Caffeine, as expected, was ubiquitous in all 3 urban areas, though with the highest RQ observed in the R. Ter. High contributions of BPA were also observed across the three matrices. Therefore, these two compounds should be prioritized independently of location. This study represents a comprehensive EDC monitoring comparison between different European cities based on a single analytical method, which allowed for a geographically independent ERA prioritization to be performed.

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“…When liquid chromatography with derivatization is applied, the prevalent derivatizing agent is FMOC-Cl (9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate). FMOC-Cl reacts with glyphosate and AMPA to give the corresponding derivatives [ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ]. The determination of glyphosate by liquid chromatography is also possible without derivatization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromatographic Methods for the Determination of Glyphosate in Cereals Together with a Discussion of Its Occurrence, Accumulation, Fate, Degradation, and Regulatory Status

Masci,

Caproni,

Nevigato

2024

MPs

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The European Union’s recent decision to renew the authorization for the use of glyphosate until 15 December 2033 has stimulated scientific discussion all around the world regarding its toxicity or otherwise for humans. Glyphosate is a chemical of which millions of tons have been used in the last 50 years worldwide to dry out weeds in cultivated fields and greenhouses and on roadsides. Concern has been raised in many areas about its possible presence in the food chain and its consequent adverse effects on health. Both aspects that argue in favor of toxicity and those that instead may indicate limited toxicity of glyphosate are discussed here. The widespread debate that has been generated requires further investigations and field measurements to understand glyphosate’s fate once dispersed in the environment and its concentration in the food chain. Hence, there is a need for validated analytical methods that are available to analysts in the field. In the present review, methods for the analytical determination of glyphosate and its main metabolite, AMPA, are discussed, with a specific focus on chromatographic techniques applied to cereal products. The experimental procedures are explained in detail, including the cleanup, derivatization, and instrumental conditions, to give the laboratories involved enough information to proceed with the implementation of this line of analysis. The prevalent chromatographic methods used are LC-MS/MS, GC-MS/SIM, and GC-MS/MS, but sufficient indications are also given to those laboratories that wish to use the better performing high-resolution MS or the simpler HPLC-FLD, HPLC-UV, GC-NPD, and GC-FPD techniques for screening purposes. The concentrations of glyphosate from the literature measured in wheat, corn, barley, rye, oats, soybean, and cereal-based foods are reported, together with its regulatory status in various parts of the world and its accumulation mechanism. As for its accumulation in cereals, the available data show that glyphosate tends to accumulate more in wholemeal flours than in refined ones, that its concentration in the product strictly depends on the treatment period (the closer it is to the time of harvesting, the higher the concentration), and that in cold climates, the herbicide tends to persist in the soil for a long time.

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Determination of glyphosate and AMPA in freshwater and soil from agroecosystems by 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl chloride derivatization and liquid chromatography - fluorescence detection and tandem mass spectrometry

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Pesticide dependence and associated risks in Uruguayan agriculture: limitations in its approach

Pesticide dependence and associated risks in Uruguayan agriculture: limitations in its approach

International Comparison, Risk Assessment, and Prioritisation of 26 Endocrine Disrupting Compounds in Three European River Catchments in the UK, Ireland, and Spain

Chromatographic Methods for the Determination of Glyphosate in Cereals Together with a Discussion of Its Occurrence, Accumulation, Fate, Degradation, and Regulatory Status

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