Determination of gold in separate protein fractions of blood serum by carbon furnace atomic-absorption spectrometry

Kamel, H.; Brown, D. H.; Ottaway, J. M.; Smith, W. Ewen

doi:10.1039/an9770200645

Cited by 26 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…This is rather more than the average of the cases reported by Kamel et al (1977) but nevertheless means that significant amounts are distributed among the other proteins. We also agree with Kamel et al in finding that the total gold on the electrophoresis protein fractions is significantly less than in the corresponding volume of serum, although our figures appear lower and more varied than theirs.…”

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confidence: 58%

“…Several studies have been made of the distribution of the gold among the cellular components of the blood and of its association with the plasma proteins, but the results of these measurements have often been conflicting. For instance, most workers have found the majority of gold associated with the plasma proteins to be bound to the albumin, and whereas some (Lorber et al, 1972;Kamel et al, 1977) have found small amounts of gold attached to the a, {J, y-globulin fractions, others (Schattenkirchner and Grosbenski, 1977) have not. Binding to fibrinogen has been reported by Lawrence (1961), but others (McQueen and Dykes, 1969;Pole et al, 1971;Oohara et al, 1974) have reported no such binding.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Distribution of Gold in Blood during Chrysotherapy

et al. 1978

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SUMMARY Measurements have been made using electrophoresis and neutron activation analysis of the distribution of gold in the blood of four patients who have responded well to chrysotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis. It has been shown that in these patients there is little, if any, binding to the fibrinogen. The majority of protein-bound gold is associated with the albumin but significant amounts are bound to the other proteins. There is a small amount of gold associated with the blood cells.allowed to dry at room temperature, and then placed with the aid of forceps into polythene bags, which were sealed ready for neutron activation analysis. Electrophoresis (using equipment supplied by Shandon Southern Ltd.) was carried out using the buffer Tris 1 EDTA acid 1 boric acid (60'5 g, 6,0 g, 4·6 g per litre) at a pH of 8·6. The serum samples (10 JLI) were applied to 78 x 150 mm strips of cellulose acetate, and electrophoresis was carried out for 90 minutes across a gap of 120 mm at a constant current setting of 0·04 rnA mrrrt. The strips were air dried, immersed in Ponceau S stain (0'2 % in 3 % of trichloroacetic acid) for 30 min, and then washed with 5 % acetic acid. The strips were dried in air at room temperature, cut into sections corresponding to the prealbumin, albumin, nr-, ua-, {J-, and y-globulin regions, and the sections were then sealed in plastic bags.The samples from each patient were placed in a polythene container together with a standard containing 10-8 g of gold. The standards were made by dropping 10 JLI of a suitable solution of gold chloride onto a piece of filter paper which was sealed in a polythene envelope. Irradiation took place in the London University Research Reactor, Ascot for about seven hours at a flux of approximately 10 12 n cm-2 S-I. The samples were allowed to stand for a few days to allow interfering activities (particularly 24Na) to decay to low levels before measurements were made of the 198Au activity (half-life 2·7 days) arising from the reaction 197Au (n, y) 198Au. The measurements were made by observing the 412 KeV y-rays arising from the decay of 198Au using a well-type NaI (TI) crystal.

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confidence: 58%

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confidence: 99%

Distribution of Gold in Blood during Chrysotherapy

et al. 1978

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“…Sera were taken from animals receiving Myocrisin intramuscularly and oral triethylphosphine gold chloride; separation into various protein components was performed using a BTL electrophoresis tank and standard procedures (7). Appropriate sections of the electrophoresis strips were identified, excised, and analyzed after drying in an oven at 80°C by direct insertion of the excised section into the HGA-72 carbon furnace, as described elsewhere (7).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, new methods of analysis have been developed t o allow more detailed studies of blood serum levels and distributions of gold to be performed more quickly and accurately (6,7). This study reports on the use of these methods for a comparison of the level and distribution of gold in the blood serum of guinea pigs after administration of either a single dose of the orally active compound (3) triethylphosphine gold chloride or a similar dose of Myocrisin, injected intramuscularly, together with a study of serum levels produced by oral a d m i n i s t r a t i o n of these c o m p o u n d s a n d triphenylphosphine gold chloride.…”

Section: Comparison Of Gold Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of gold levels and distribution in guinea pig serum

Kamel¹,

Brown²,

Ottaway³

et al. 1978

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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Serum levels after oral administration of 30 mg/kg of sodium aurothiomalate (M yocrisin), triethylphosphine gold chloride, or triphenylphosphine gold chloride to guinea pigs indicated that all were orally absorbed. However, the serum gold level of triethylphosphine gold chloride was three to four times that of Myocrisin or triphenylphosphine gold chloride and was comparable with the serum level produced when the same dose of Myocrisin was injected intramuscularly. A comparative time-course study between intramuscular administration of Myocrisin and oral administration of triethylphosphine gold chloride indicated that during the first 24 hours after intramuscular injection of Myocrisin, a large fraction of the gold was not protein-bound, whereas all detectable gold in serum after oral administration of triethylphosphine gold chloride was protein-bound. Gold levels in the separated protein fractions indicate that the y-globulin level after oral adminis-

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“…[72][73][74]. It has been proposed that such exchange reactions with serum albumin are important in distributing Au via the bloodstream [73].…”

Section: N-heterocyclic Carbene Analogues Of Auranofinmentioning

confidence: 99%