Determination of heavy metals (lead, cadmium, arsenic, and mercury) in authorized and unauthorized cosmetics

Saadatzadeh, Afrooz; Afzalan, Sina; Zadehdabagh, Reza; Tishezan, Leila; Najafi, Nahid Mashkouri; Seyedtabib, Maryam; Noori, Seyyed Mohammad Ali

doi:10.1080/15569527.2019.1590389

Cited by 51 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…High concentrations of toxic metals in the bloodstream results in the accumulation of these elements in various parts of the body, and consequently, leads to dysfunctioning and damaging of vital multi organs i.e., the kidneys [138]. The ophthalmic related adverse consequences of heavy metals have been widely documented in different reports since heavy metals can bind with retinal epithelium pigments and accumulated at higher concentrations [139][140][141]. It is reported that prolonged exposure to copper, lead, cadmium, arsenic, chromium and nickel are associated with an improved menace of numerous cardiovascular and neurologic disorders [142,143].…”

Section: Trace Metals and Their Adverse Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Beast of Beauty: Environmental and Health Concerns of Toxic Components in Cosmetics

2020

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Cosmetic products are used in large quantities across the world. An increasing number of chemical compounds are being added to the formulation of cosmetic products as additives, fragrances, preservatives, stabilizers, surfactants, dye and shine to potentiate their quality, property and shelf life. Owing to their widespread use, active residues of cosmetic products are continuously introduced into the environment in several ways. Many of these chemicals are bioactive and are characterized by potential bioaccumulation ability and environmental persistence, thus exerting a major risk to humans and the health of ecosystems. Hence, the indiscriminate consumption of cosmetics may present a looming issue with significant adverse impacts on public health. This review intends to spotlight a current overview of toxic ingredients used in formulating cosmetics such as parabens, triclosan, benzalkonium chloride, 1,4-dioxane, plastic microbeads, formaldehyde, diazolidinyl urea, imidazolidinyl urea, sunscreen elements (organic and inorganic UV filters) and trace metals. Specific focus is given to illustrate the biological risks of these substances on human health and aquatic system in terms of genotoxicity, cytotoxicity, neurotoxicity mutagenicity, and estrogenicity. In addition to conclusive remarks, future directions are also suggested.

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Section: Trace Metals and Their Adverse Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Beast of Beauty: Environmental and Health Concerns of Toxic Components in Cosmetics

2020

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“…Nonetheless, it may cause skin rashes and scarring and reduce skin resistance to bacterial and fungal infections. Most importantly, being a neurotoxin, mercury exposure has been reported to cause adverse health effects in humans, especially neurological disorders including anxiety, depression, psychosis and peripheral neuropathy, as well as kidney dysfunction [ 1 , 2 ]. Monitoring the level of mercury ions (Hg 2+ ) in cosmetic products is therefore of fundamental importance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The conventional analytical methods for the detection of Hg 2+ usually rely on the use of advanced instruments based on spectrometric and chromatographic techniques, such as atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) [ 1 , 5 ], inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) [ 6 ], graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) [ 2 ], inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) [ 7 ] and liquid chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LC-ICP-MS) [ 8 ]. While such approaches have been proven to be highly accurate and sensitive, the complex, expensive and time-consuming procedures associated with these methods call for a simpler alternative for daily analysis and on-site detection in a large number of samples in the field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization and Analytical Behavior of Electrochemical Sensors Based on the Modification of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) Using PANI/MWCNTs/AuNPs for Mercury Detection

Bohari

Siddiquee

Saallah

et al. 2020

Sensors

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In the present study, indium tin oxide (ITO) was used as a transparent working electrode for the development of an electrochemical sensor for the detection of mercury (II) ions (Hg2+). The electrode was modified by direct electrodeposition of polyaniline (PANI), multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) followed by optimization of the analyte and operating conditions, aiming to improve the selectivity, sensitivity and reliability of the electrode for mercury detection. Successful immobilization of the PANI and nanomaterials (MWCNTs and AuNPs) on the ITO electrode was confirmed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses. The optimum conditions for mercury detection using the modified ITO electrode were pH 7.0 of Tris-HCl buffer (50 mM) in the presence of 1 mM methylene blue (MB) as a redox indicator, a scan rate of 0.10 V·s−1 and a 70 s interaction time. The electrochemical behavior of the modified electrode under the optimized conditions indicated a high reproducibility and high sensitivity of mercury detection. It is therefore suggested that the PANI/MWCNT/AuNP-modified ITO electrode could be a promising material for the development of on-site mercury detection tools for applications in fields such as diagnostics, the environment, safety and security controls or other industries.

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“…Henna, a traditional plant product applied as temporary paint-on tattoos and hair dying, is reported to be very rich in heavy metals such as mercury and lead [32]. Saadatzadeh et al, 2019 reported that arsenic contents of lipsticks, eye shadows, and eyebrow pencils was significantly higher than the BVL (Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety of Germany) standard [33]. Among the heavy metal impurities, mercury, arsenic, lead, cobalt, antimony, cadmium, nickel and chromium are exceptionally toxic and are prohibited in cosmetics to be included deliberately as ingredients in EU and US [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metals: The Notorious Daredevils of Daily Personal Care Products- Mini Review

Mohiuddin¹

2019

SARJPS

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Personal care products and facial cosmetics are commonly used by millions of consumers on a daily basis. Direct application of cosmetics on human skin makes it vulnerable to a wide variety of ingredients. Despite the protecting role of skin against exogenous contaminants, some of the ingredients in cosmetic products are able to penetrate the skin and to produce systemic exposure. Consumers' knowledge of the potential risks of the frequent application of cosmetic products should be improved. While regulations exist in most of the high-income countries, in low income countries there is a lack of similar standards. In most countries for which these legal regulations have been identified, restrictions on the permissible level of heavy metals are strict. There is a need for enforcement of existing rules, and rigorous assessment of the effectiveness of these regulations. The occurrence of metals in cosmetic products is of concern for three principal reasons: (i) the use of cosmetic products could represent a possible source of population-wide exposure daily, and often long-term exposure to metals in cosmetic products (ii) metals can accumulate in the body over time, and (iii) a number of them are known to exhibit different chronic health effects, such as cancer, contact dermatitis, developmental, neurological and reproductive disorders, brittle hair and hair loss. Some metals are potent endocrine disruptors and respiratory toxins. Moreover, some metals, such as Cd, As, Pb, Hg and Sb, are exceptionally toxic with a wide variety of chronic health effects, whereas Cr, Ni and Co are well known skin sensitizers. Since the issue of heavy metals as deliberate cosmetic ingredients has been addressed, attention is turned to the presence of these substances as impurities.

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Determination of heavy metals (lead, cadmium, arsenic, and mercury) in authorized and unauthorized cosmetics

Cited by 51 publications

References 26 publications

The Beast of Beauty: Environmental and Health Concerns of Toxic Components in Cosmetics

The Beast of Beauty: Environmental and Health Concerns of Toxic Components in Cosmetics

Optimization and Analytical Behavior of Electrochemical Sensors Based on the Modification of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) Using PANI/MWCNTs/AuNPs for Mercury Detection

Heavy Metals: The Notorious Daredevils of Daily Personal Care Products- Mini Review

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