Abstract:Environmental risk assessment and water quality management are becoming increasingly important issues, particularly in view of the large number of contaminants entering the aquatic environment that are harmful to the functioning of an ecosystem. Interest in metals like Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn, which are required for metabolic activities in organisms, lies in the narrow "window" between their essentiality and toxicity. Other heavy metals like Cd, Hg, Cr and Pb may exhibit extreme toxicity even at low levels under cer… Show more
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