“…Besides, some of these heavy metals, even at a low concentration level, are highly poisonous to human health as a result of accumulation in organs. 42,105,[114][115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125][126][127][128][129][130][131] Therefore, numerous NIRemitting AuNCs have been employed as a platform to monitor whether the level of heavy metal ions surpasses the suggested limits (Table 3). Inorganic anions, such as cyanide (CN -), sulfide (S 2-), and (nitrite) NO 2-, retain the damaging influence on ecological systems as well as human health.…”