Determination of Isoproturon in Environmental Samples using the QuEChERS Extraction‐Spectrofluorimetric Method

Abstract

An accurate and sensitive method has been developed for determination of the herbicide isoproturon using the Quick Easy Cheap Effective Rugged Safe (QuEChERS) extraction‐spectrofluorimetric technique. The method involves the reaction of 2‐cyanoacetamide with isoproturon in basic medium (NH3; 15 mol/L). The resulting fluorescent product was found to show maximum emission at 378 nm and maximum excitation at 333 nm. Fluorescence intensity under the influence of different parameters was investigated. The linear range of analyte concentrations was found to be 0.5 to 15 µg/mL, with a limit of detection of 0.144 µg/mL, a limit of quantification of 0.437 µg/mL (signal to noise ratio = 3), and a regression coefficient of 0.9991, under optimized conditions. The proposed method was effectively applied for determination of isoproturon in different matrices; the percentage of recovery varied from 85.00 ± 1.2% to 96.00 ± 0.5%. The method was also applied for residue analysis of isoproturon in real soil samples collected from a pilot field. For extraction of isoproturon, the QuEChERS extraction approach was used, and the average residue in the soil samples was found to be 0.81 ± 0.07 µg/g. To show the potential of this approach, our results were compared with those of other methods reported in the literature. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2614–2620. © 2019 SETAC

Analytical methods to analyze pesticides and herbicides

“…A QuEChERS‐based extraction–spectrofluorimetric technique was developed by Muhammad, Jan, Shah, and Ara (2019) to determine isoproturon. Fluorescence of product formed in the reaction of 2‐cyanoacetamide with isoproturon was detected.…”

Synthesis of fructose bound Fe(iii) integrated carbon dots as a robust turn-off detection sensor for chlortoluron

“…Fluorescence-based sensors for the determination of pesticides including quantum dots, organic dyes, uorescent proteins, and metal-organic frameworks have been reported. 19,20 In 2004, during the cleaning of a single-walled carbon nanotubes the carbon dots were accidently discovered. 21 The CDs are analogous to quantum dots with structural resemblances to those of the graphite oxide particles and they are one of the new carbon nanomaterials with sp 3 bonded carbon skeleton belonging to the class of 0-dimensional carbon nanoparticles.…”

“…Fluorescence-based sensors for the determination of pesticides including quantum dots, organic dyes, fluorescent proteins, and metal–organic frameworks have been reported. 19,20…”

Development of Fluorescent Co (II)-Integrated Carbon Dots and Their Application as a Off–On Mesotrione Detection Sensor

“…Fluorescence-based sensors utilizing various materials such as quantum dots, metal organic frameworks, fluorescent proteins, and organic dyes have been reported for the determination of pesticides. , Comparison of the sensors and sensing media is summarized in Table S2.…”