Determination of ketorolac enantiomers in plasma using enantioselective liquid chromatography on an α1-acid glycoprotein chiral stationary phase and ultraviolet detection

Separation of Ketorolac enantiomers on polysaccharide‐based chiral stationary phases using a polar organic mobile phase

“…Then a coupled achiral‐chiral HPLC system is utilized to separate Ketorolac and metabolite p ‐hydroxyketorolac in plasma and urine with C 18 and chiral protein columns . So far chiral separation of Ketorolac enantiomers has been reported on several chiral stationary phases (CSPs) such as α‐acid glycoprotein , macrocyclic glycoprotein , and polysaccharide derivatives . Ketorolac could be separated using cellulose tris‐ (3‐chloro‐4‐methylphenylcarbamate) as chiral selector and polar organic mobile phase with selectivity of 1.19 under the optimized condition .…”

Determination of Racemic Ketorolac, Ketorolac Enantiomers and Their Metabolites in Human Plasma and Urine by LC–UV, Applied in Clinical Study During and After Pregnancy

“…So far, high performance liquid chromatography (HPlC) methods were described to determine racemic ketorolac in human plasma [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24], racemic ketorolac in human urine [16,20,21], p-hydroxy-ketorolac in human plasma [18], p-hydroxy-ketorolac in human urine [20,21], ketorolac enantiomers in human plasma [20,22,[25][26][27][28][29] and ketorolac enantiomers in human urine [20]. Except for solid-phase extraction for racemic ketorolac [19,23,24] and for ketorolac enantiomers [22,29], published sample preparations include mainly liquid-liquid extractions for racemic ketorolac [17,18,20,21] and ketorolac enantiomers [20,[25][26][27][28]30]. Mroszczak et al [21] described ethyl acetate and hexane extraction Abstract In order to enhance the sensitivity and to develop a faster direct method for plasma and urine quantification of racemic ketorolac, its metabolites (p-hydroxyketorolac and ketorolac glucuronides) and ketorolac enantiomers, we developed an extraction procedure based on solid-phase extraction combined with specific and fast chromatographic separation.…”

Chiral pharmacokinetics of ketorolac in sheep after intravenous and intramuscular administration of the racemate

“…Extensive pharmacokinetic data generated for the various formulations of ketorolac in humans and animals (rat, mouse and dog) have been reported (Olkkola & Maunuksela, 1991;Brocks & Jamali, 1992;Hayball et al, 1994;Hamunen et al, 1999;Jamali et al, 1999;Kauffman et al, 1999;Pasloske et al, 1999). With the exception of an application of the stereoselective analytical method, performed on one adult sheep (Mills et al, 1994), there have been no reports of pharmacokinetic data for ketorolac enantiomers in ruminants.…”