Determination of L-Ascorbic Acid in Milk by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Abstract

This study provides a fast, accurate and reproducible method for L-ascorbic acid (L-AA) determination in milk samples by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). A small volume of a low toxicity organic solvent (ethanol) was used for degreasing and deproteinization steps. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt (EDTA) and formic acid were used as stabilizing agents. The method was successfully validated in terms of linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), accuracy, and inter/intra-day precision and applied in raw and processed milk samples. Good linearity (r 2 > 0.9915) and low LOD and LOQ, 1.5 and 5.0 µg L-1 , respectively, were obtained. The recoveries for 500 and 1000 µg L-1 spikes were higher than 90% and the precision values expressed in terms of relative standard deviation (RSD) were ≤ 6.8%. For the first time, the determination of L-AA in a 500 µg L-1 concentration range was reported for milk samples.

Rapid determination of L‐ascorbic acid content in vitamin C serums by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

“…Furthermore, Table 4 shows a comparison between the analytical performances of the method developed in the present study with other chromatographic methods used for the L‐AA determination in the different sample matrices. Overall, the accuracy of the proposed method (2.2%) is comparable to that obtained by other studies [19,23,31,32] and much better than that reported by Baenas et al [18] (12.2%), Min et al [33] (5.0%), Temova Rakuša et al [34] (4.5%), Uckoo et al [35] (4.46%) and Frenich et al [22] (8.7%). Besides, the retention time (0.41 min), LOD (0.3 µg L −1 ) and LOQ (1.0 µg L −1 ) values were much lower in this study than all those presented in Table 4.…”

“…Several analytical methods have been used for the analysis of L-AA, including spectrophotometric and potentiometric [17], and chromatographic [18] techniques. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) have been widely used for L-AA determination in different products, such as milk [19,20], vegetables and fruits [18,21,22], fruit beverages and pharmaceutical formulations [23]. Compared with HPLC, UHPLC shows higher sensitivity, efficiency and resolution; shorter time and cost of analysis; and lower solvent consumption [19].…”

“…High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) have been widely used for L-AA determination in different products, such as milk [19,20], vegetables and fruits [18,21,22], fruit beverages and pharmaceutical formulations [23]. Compared with HPLC, UHPLC shows higher sensitivity, efficiency and resolution; shorter time and cost of analysis; and lower solvent consumption [19]. Overall, there is a shortage of properly validated analytical methods available for L-AA quantification in cosmetics [24,25].…”

Surface modification of commercial carbon black by silane coupling agents for improving dispersibility in rubber compounds

“…1,2 Commercial CB materials generally contain more than 97% carbon element and the rest are hydrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. [3][4][5] The primary particles of CB exhibit a spherical form and show a tendency to agglomerate, because of van der Waals forces among the CB nanoparticles. So, altering the surface chemistry and energy of CB is necessary to improve the dispersion of this nanomaterial in matrix, that is, polymer matrix, mechanical, electrical, thermal, and optical properties.…”

“…3,4,[6][7][8][9] Different techniques have been made to modify through grafting functional groups on the CB surface including, oxidation, 4,7,10-14 using surfactants, 10,15 polymer grafting, 11 halogenation, 11 thiolation, 11 sulfonation, 11 plasma treatment, 6,16 thermal treatment, 6,17 and using silane coupling agents. 4,7,[11][12][13][14] The surface oxidation methods widely used to introduce oxygen-containing groups (such as hydroxyl, ketone, phenol, ether, and carboxylic acid) on the surface of CB to prepare it for subsequent modification by covalent, electrostatic, and hydrogen bonding interactions, and/or to reach better dispersion in the polar media. 3,4,[12][13][14][18][19][20][21] The commonly involved oxidizing reagents are nitric acid, [6][7][8]10,14,[22][23][24][25][26] the mixture of sulfuric and nitric acid, 4,13,20,21,…”