Determination of lead concentration in breast milk and blood of lactanting women in an interior city of Brasil

Abstract

Background: breast milk offers numerous advantages biological and emotional. However, in some situations, can transfer harmful elements for the health of infants. Objective: to determine lead levels in the blood and milk of mothers whose children frequent a primary mother-child health care. Methods: a cross-sectional, observational and descriptive study of 70 healthy women who were breast-feeding babies younger than six months during 01/04/2011 to 30/09/2011. Lead determination was performed by mass spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma. A linear regression model was adjusted to determine the association between lead concentrations in maternal milk and blood. The estimated values of the difference between means and their 95% confidence intervals were obtained. Results: mean lead concentration in milk was 1.462 ng/mL and blood lead concentration was 1.801 μg/dL. Conclusions: human milk is not a source of contamination for the babies in this area. However, more studies are needed in other regions of the country in view of the growing evidence of foci of lead contamination, which may represent an occult risk for the population.

Relationship between heavy metals and alpha emission rates in breast milk and blood of women

“…Andrade et al. (2013) identified the concentration of Pb in blood of nursing mothers in an inland city of Brazil using the Mass Spectrometer with the associated inductive plasma, where found that the average Pb was 0.01801 ppm [ 40 ]. li et al.…”

“…The tools are washed using tap water and deionized water, after that, it dried in the oven at 90 °C for 2 h. All samples were prepared at room temperature of 20 °C. Milk samples (2 ml) are diluted with 1 ml of H 2 O 2 + 2 ml of HNO 3 [ 40 ] and 10 ml of deionized water. Then, the mixture was completed in 25 ml of deionized water.…”

“…Then, the mixture was completed in 25 ml of deionized water. Blood samples (2 ml) are diluted with 1 ml of H 2 O 2 + 2 ml of HNO 3 [ 40 ] and 10 ml of deionized water. Then, the mixture is completed with 25 ml of deionized water.…”

Levels of toxic and trace metals in the breast milk of lactating mothers in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria

“…It also reduces the risk of breast cancer later in life. Environmental pollutants such as metals had been on the increase with increase population due to industrialization and urbanization [8] . Pregnant women and nursing mothers are exposed to such metal pollutants on daily basis.…”