Determination of Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry with a Carbon Rod Atomizer

Atomic emission spectrometric analysis of organic solutions by electrothermal carbon cup vaporization into an inductively coupled plasma

“…Therefore, it was necessary to reduce their volatilities so that no lead loss would occur. Iodine was chosen to do so by chemical stabilization (19,20). This iodine was added directly to the carbon cup.…”

Post column digestion methods for liquid chromatography-graphite furnace atomic absorption speciation of organolead and organotin compounds

“…Organolead Compounds. The analysis of alkyllead compounds by graphite furnace atomic absorption has been shown (18) to be improved by the addition of iodine to the analyte solution prior to the dry-char-atomization analysis cycle. Some results demonstrating the increase in lead absorption signal with the addition of iodine are given in Table I.…”

“…The role of the iodine as an oxidant for organoleads has been described (18). The surface "digestion" of organotin compounds by zirconium-treated graphite has not been previously reported.…”

“…The oxidant solutions were 0.030 g/mL of I2 (18) in 50% methanol-water and 0.1 M HN03. After the sample (37 µ ) was delivered from the eluent stream sampling valve, the oxidant (10 µ ) was dispensed into the cuvette through a T-junction.…”

“…There have been reports of methods for interference removal. These include a solution chemical reaction prior to analysis (8,(14)(15)(16)(17)(18), redesign of the graphite furnace, or modification of the graphite surface (19)(20)(21).…”