Determination of melamine and related triazine by-products ammeline, ammelide, and cyanuric acid by micellar electrokinetic chromatography

Hsu, Yi-Fen; Chen, Kuan-Ting; Liu, Yuwei; Hsieh, Shih-Huan; Huang, Hsi‐Ya

doi:10.1016/j.aca.2010.05.032

Cited by 36 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It is reasonable to assume that, in addition to van der Waals forces, π-stacking can occur between the aromatic rings of the polyphenols and the aromatic rings in the surface of the resin [ 44 , 45 ]. However, all these forces can be altered by the properties of the solvent after a given polarity threshold [ 46 , 47 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Antioxidant and Safety Properties of Spent Coffee Ground Extracts Impacted by the Combined Hot Pressurized Liquid Extraction–Resin Purification Process

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hot pressurized liquid extraction has been used to obtain polyphenols; however, its operating conditions can generate hydroxymethylfurfural, a potential human carcinogen. The addition of ethanol can reduce process temperatures and retain extraction efficiencies, but the ethanol may reduce the recovery of polyphenols in the subsequent purification stage, affecting the antioxidant properties of the extracts. This study evaluates a combined hot pressurized liquid extraction—resin purification process to obtain polyphenol extracts from spent ground coffee reduced in hydroxymethylfurfural. A multifactorial design was developed to determine the combined effect of the extraction (ethanol content: 0–16% and temperature: 60–90 °C) and purification (ethanol: 60–80%) conditions on some chemical properties of the extracts. The highest recovery of polyphenols (~8 mg GAE/g dry coffee solids) and reduction of hydroxymethylfurfural (95%) were obtained at 90 °C and 16% of ethanol during extraction and 80% of ethanol during purification. These operating conditions retained the antioxidant capacity of the crude extract between 60% and 88% depending on the determination method and recovered 90, 98, and 100% of 4-feruloylquinic acid, epicatechin, and 5-feruloylquinic acid, respectively after purification. The combined process allows differential polyphenols’ recovery and enhances the safety of the extracts. Our computational chemistry results ruled out that the overall selectivity of the integrated process was correlated with the size of the polyphenols.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Antioxidant and Safety Properties of Spent Coffee Ground Extracts Impacted by the Combined Hot Pressurized Liquid Extraction–Resin Purification Process

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The proposed method was successfully applied to the analysis of both substances in commercial milk samples. Hsu et al investigated MEKC methods for the detection of traces of melamine and related compounds (ammeline, ammelide, and cyanuric acid). Two online sample concentration steps, namely reversed electrode polarity stacking mode (REPSM) and cation‐selective injection were used for improving the detection sensitivity.…”

Section: Micellar Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contemporary sample stacking in analytical electrophoresis

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sample stacking is a term denoting a multifarious class of methods and their names that are used daily in CE for online concentration of diluted samples to enhance separation efficiency and sensitivity of analyses. The essence of these methods is that analytes present at low concentrations in a large injected sample zone are concentrated into a short and sharp zone (stack) in the separation capillary. Then the stacked analytes are separated and detected. Regardless of the diversity of the stacking electromigration methods, one can distinguish four main principles that form the bases of nearly all of them: (i) Kohlrausch adjustment of concentrations, (ii) pH step, (iii) micellar methods, and (iv) transient ITP. This contribution is a continuation of our previous reviews on the topic and brings an overview of papers published during 2010-2012 and relevant to the mentioned principles (except the last one which is covered by another review in this issue).

show abstract

“…Melamine (2,4,6‐triamino‐s‐triazine, MEL), a weak base and hydrophilic organic compound, is synthesized from urea . Cyanuric acid (CYA) and the other MEL‐related compounds, including ammeline (AMN) and ammelide (AMD), are potential byproducts in MEL synthesis . Cyromazine (CYR), another MEL‐related compound, can be metabolized to MEL during dealkylation reactions in both plants and animals .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of melamine and analogs in complex matrices: Advances and trends

Wang

Chen

et al. 2016

J of Separation Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The analysis of melamine and its analogs is of increasing research interest. Owing to their high nitrogen content and low price, they were deliberately added to artificially enhance protein concentration in a number of different types of human and animal food sources. In addition, environmental water might also be contaminated by melamine due to its use in the chemical industry and the degradation of the pesticide cyromazine. Herein we provide a detailed overview of recently developed materials and techniques for the analysis of melamine and its analogs in complex matrices, especially in dairy products (e.g., milk and powdered milk) and environmental water.

show abstract

Determination of melamine and related triazine by-products ammeline, ammelide, and cyanuric acid by micellar electrokinetic chromatography

Cited by 36 publications

References 30 publications

The Antioxidant and Safety Properties of Spent Coffee Ground Extracts Impacted by the Combined Hot Pressurized Liquid Extraction–Resin Purification Process

The Antioxidant and Safety Properties of Spent Coffee Ground Extracts Impacted by the Combined Hot Pressurized Liquid Extraction–Resin Purification Process

Contemporary sample stacking in analytical electrophoresis

Analysis of melamine and analogs in complex matrices: Advances and trends

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About