Determination of membrane lipid differences in insulin resistant diabetes mellitus type 2 in whites and blacks

Allen, Hengameh G.; Allen, Jonathan C.; Boyd, Leon C.; Alston-Mills, Brenda; Fenner, Gregeory P.

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2006.07.007

Cited by 30 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Statin treatment lowers the cholesterol amount in the membranes and normalizes erythrocyte membrane fluidity (10,25). Similarly, insulin-resistant type 2 diabetes may result from modified lipid composition of the erythrocyte membranes, notably fatty acid saturation and the PE:PC ratio (9). Hence, the lipid homeostasis of cell membranes is crucial for the accomplishment of their functions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this context, an imbalance in membrane lipid composition could affect membrane properties and lead to pathological consequences as described for erythrocyte membranes in hypercholesterolemia patients and in type 2 diabetes (9,10). Indeed, an increased cholesterol:phospholipid (PL) 4 ratio leads to a decreased membrane fluidity and is associated with a reduced binding of insulin (9).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phosphatidylethanolamine Is a Key Regulator of Membrane Fluidity in Eukaryotic Cells

Dawaliby

Trubbia

Delporte

et al. 2016

Journal of Biological Chemistry

306

202

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Adequate membrane fluidity is required for a variety of key cellular processes and in particular for proper function of membrane proteins. In most eukaryotic cells, membrane fluidity is known to be regulated by fatty acid desaturation and cholesterol, although some cells, such as insect cells, are almost devoid of sterol synthesis. We show here that insect and mammalian cells present similar microviscosity at their respective physiological temperature. To investigate how both sterols and phospholipids control fluidity homeostasis, we quantified the lipidic composition of insect SF9 and mammalian HEK 293T cells under normal or sterol-modified condition. As expected, insect cells show minimal sterols compared with mammalian cells. A major difference is also observed in phospholipid content as the ratio of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) to phosphatidylcholine (PC) is inverted (4 times higher in SF9 cells). In vitro studies in liposomes confirm that both cholesterol and PE can increase rigidity of the bilayer, suggesting that both can be used by cells to maintain membrane fluidity. We then show that exogenously increasing the cholesterol amount in SF9 membranes leads to a significant decrease in PE:PC ratio whereas decreasing cholesterol in HEK 293T cells using statin treatment leads to an increase in the PE:PC ratio. In all cases, the membrane fluidity is maintained, indicating that both cell types combine regulation by sterols and phospholipids to control proper membrane fluidity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphatidylethanolamine Is a Key Regulator of Membrane Fluidity in Eukaryotic Cells

Dawaliby

Trubbia

Delporte

et al. 2016

Journal of Biological Chemistry

306

202

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“…Although these findings are derived from insulin-deficient animal models, it is plausible that hyperinsulinemia could also impair this process. Indeed, there is some evidence of red cell membrane lipid alteration (that is, shift in the proportion of various phospholipids) in type 2 diabetic patients (Makar et al, 1995;Allen et al, 2006;Ramel et al, 2009). Thus, previous findings illustrate that insulin concentration may have a role in determining membrane fatty acid composition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Relationship between red cell membrane fatty acids and adipokines in individuals with varying insulin sensitivity

et al. 2011

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Background/Objectives: Plasma leptin and adiponectin, and membrane phospholipid fatty acid composition are implicated into the mechanism of insulin resistance but no clear pattern has emerged. Hence, this study examined these variables in subjects presenting to the diabetic clinic for a diagnostic glucose tolerance test. Subjects/Methods: Body composition, glucose, glycated hemoglobin, insulin, leptin, adiponectin, and red cell and plasma phospholipid fatty acids were assessed from 42 normal and 28 impaired glucose tolerant subjects. Insulin sensitivity was determined by homeostatic model assessment. Results: The plasma phosphatidylcholine fatty acid composition of the impaired glucose tolerant subjects was similar to that of normal subjects. However, the impaired glucose tolerant subjects had significantly lower linoleic (Po0.05), eicosapentaenoic (Po0.05) and docosahexaenoic (Po0.01) acids in the red cell phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine compared with the normal subjects. Moreover, red cell phosphatidylcholine docosahexaenoic acid correlated positively with adiponectin (r ¼ 0.290, Po0.05) but negatively with leptin (r ¼ À0.252, Po0.05), insulin (r ¼ À0.335, Po0.01) and insulin resistance (r ¼ À0.322, Po0.01). Plasma triglycerides, leptin and glucose combined predicted about 60% of variation in insulin level whereas insulin was the only component that predicted the membrane fatty acids. Conclusions: We postulate that membrane phospholipids fatty acids have an indirect role in determining insulin concentration but insulin has a major role in determining membrane fatty acid composition.

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“…However, the plasma fatty acid profile may vary considerably, whereas red blood cell membrane fatty acids are said to reflect dietary fat intake in relation to the biological half life of cells (Romon et al, 1995;Zamaria, 2004). Furthermore, red blood cell membranes, in contrast to other cells, lack the desaturase enzymes and must get their fatty acids preformed from plasma (Allen et al, 2006). Fatty acids may be saturated, monounsaturated (the n-7 and n-9 fatty acid series) or polyunsaturated (the n-3 and n-6 fatty acid series) and membrane fatty acids may further be non-esterified or esterified into glycerophospholipids (Koay & Walmsley, 1999).…”

Section: Fatty Acid Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar to the role of cell membrane phospholipids, a balance in the saturated and unsaturated fatty acids composition is needed for optimal membrane fluidity (Allen et al 2006). Saturated fatty acids contain single carbon-carbon bonds, while mono-and polyunsaturated fatty acids contain double carboncarbon bonds which allow for greater flexibility of these chains (Horrobin, 1999;Allen et al 2006).…”

Section: Cell Membrane Fluidity -Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas Chromatography Results Interpretation: Absolute Amounts Versus Relative Percentages

Hon¹,

Abel²,

Smuts³

et al. 2012

Gas Chromatography - Biochemicals, Narcotics and Essential Oils

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Determination of membrane lipid differences in insulin resistant diabetes mellitus type 2 in whites and blacks

Cited by 30 publications

References 26 publications

Phosphatidylethanolamine Is a Key Regulator of Membrane Fluidity in Eukaryotic Cells

Phosphatidylethanolamine Is a Key Regulator of Membrane Fluidity in Eukaryotic Cells

Relationship between red cell membrane fatty acids and adipokines in individuals with varying insulin sensitivity

Gas Chromatography Results Interpretation: Absolute Amounts Versus Relative Percentages

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