Determination of mercury in urine by electrothermal vaporization isotope dilution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Lee, Kuo-Hsien; Jiang, Shiuh‐Jen; Liu, Hung-Wei

doi:10.1039/a804857f

Cited by 48 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…These solutions were analyzed for Hg and Pb using ICP-MS by injecting 200 μL of the emulsified solution into the VG system. The concentrations of analytes in the sample were calculated by the equation described in a previous paper 29 and/or from the standard addition calibration curves. Owing to the mass bias effect, the sensitivity of the instrument at different m/z values might be different.…”

Section: Samples and Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Isotope dilution (ID) techniques have been used in several previous ICP-MS applications to ensure accurate determinations. 28,29 Since another isotope of the same element represents the ideal internal standard for that element, ID results are expected to be highly accurate, even when the sample contains high concentrations of concomitant elements and/or when losses occur during sample preparation or during sample introduction into the ICP. In this work, a simple vapor generation system without the conventional gas-liquid phase separator has been employed as the sample introduction device, due to simplicity, for flow injection (FI) ICP-MS analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of Hg and Pb in Fuels by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Using Flow Injection Chemical Vapor Generation

Chen

Jiang

2009

ANAL. SCI.

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An isotope dilution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method has been developed for the determination of Hg and Pb in fuels using flow injection vapor generation (VG) as the sample introduction system. A simple and inexpensive in-situ nebulizer/vapor generator was employed in this study. An emulsion containing 10% v/v fuel, 2% m/v Triton X-100 and 1.0% m/v tartaric acid was injected into VG-ICP-MS system for the determination of Hg and Pb. Sodium borohydride was used for vapor generation. Since the sensitivities of Hg and Pb in emulsion and those in aqueous solution are quite different, isotope dilution and standard addition methods were used for the determination of Hg and Pb in selected fuel samples. The influences of vapor generation conditions and emulsion preparation on the ion signals are reported. This method has been applied for the determination of Hg and Pb in various fuel samples such as diesel, gasoline and engine oil obtained locally. The analytical results obtained by isotope dilution and standard addition methods were in good agreement with each other and also with those of digested samples analyzed by pneumatic nebulization ICP-MS. Under the optimum operating conditions, the detection limits obtained were 0.02 and 0.03 ng mL -1 for Hg and Pb, respectively, in prepared emulsified solutions, corresponding to 0.2 and 0.3 ng mL -1 of Hg and Pb, respectively, in the original fuel samples.

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Section: Samples and Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Hg and Pb in Fuels by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Using Flow Injection Chemical Vapor Generation

Chen

Jiang

2009

ANAL. SCI.

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“…The non-spectral interferences are usually manifested by attenuation or enhancement of the ion signals due to the nature and the salt content of sample as well as the plasma operating conditions. While atomic interferences can be overcome by utilizing alternative isotopes, molecular ion and non-spectral interferences necessitate the use of alternative sample preparation=introduction methods, such as coprecipitation=preconcentration [11,[16][17][18] electrothermal vaporization [12,19,20] and high-resolution ICP-MS [21][22][23].…”

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confidence: 99%

Determination of trace elements in siliceous samples by ICP-MS after precipitation of silicon as sodium fluorosilicate

Arslan

Tyson

2007

Microchim Acta

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“…Common methods are used to determine mercury, such as voltammetry, 5 spectrophotometry, 6,7 X-ray fluorescence, 8 flame and furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, 9,10 fluorometry, 11,12 cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry 13 and inductively coupled plasma. 14 These methods, however, involve expensive instrumentation and sample pretreatment, which are time consuming and inconvenient. On the other hand, ion-selective membrane electrodes, commonly known as electrochemical sensors, are important in view of the ability to make direct or indirect measurements in complex samples without any knowledge about the color of the sample or the turbidity.…”

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confidence: 99%

Organic-inorganic Composite Cation-exchanger: Poly-o-toluidine Zr(IV) Phosphate-based Ion-selective Membrane Electrode for the Potentiometric Determination of Mercury

2008

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Ion-selective electrodes are among the important analytical tools, which are used for the sensitive and selective determination of various ionic species in the wide range of concentration 1 in environmental, medical and industrial samples. [2][3][4] Mercury is well-known for its toxicity, even in low concentration. Due to its toxicity, mercury causes ill effects in the human nervous system. Mercury also shows strong affinity for ligands containing S atoms, and thus causes the blocking of sulphydryl groups (-SH) of proteins, enzymes and membranes. Mercury(II) ions are also responsible for injuries of the kidney and gastrointestinal track. Due to its serious hazardous effects to human health, there is strong requirement to extend new methods to determine mercury ions in a wide variety of samples. Common methods are used to determine mercury, such as voltammetry, 5 spectrophotometry, 6,7 X-ray fluorescence, 8 flame and furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, 9,10 fluorometry, 11,12 cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry 13 and inductively coupled plasma. 14 These methods, however, involve expensive instrumentation and sample pretreatment, which are time consuming and inconvenient. On the other hand, ion-selective membrane electrodes, commonly known as electrochemical sensors, are important in view of the ability to make direct or indirect measurements in complex samples without any knowledge about the color of the sample or the turbidity. The fact is that the use of ion-selective electrodes for such types of measurements requires relatively inexpensive equipment, which makes ion-selective electrodes attractive to scientists in many disciplines. 15 Thus, potentiometric sensors can offer an inexpensive and convenient method for the analysis of heavymetal ions in solutions, providing acceptable sensitivity and selectivity. For this purpose many organic and inorganic compounds were studied as electroactive materials, and used in the fabrication of ion-selective membrane electrodes. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] Composite materials are the latest development for making electrochemical sensors for analytical purposes. [25][26][27][28][29][30] Poly-o-toluidine Zr(IV) phosphate, a composite cationexchange material, was prepared by sol-gel mixing of organic polymer into the precipitate of Zr(IV) phosphate. 31The composite material possess a better ion-exchange capacity (1.71 meq g -1 ), as compared to Zr(IV) phosphate (1.46 meq g -1 ). The presence of an organic component in the material prevents the leaching of any inorganic component in high acidic and alkaline media, and makes the material mechanically stable. These properties of composite materials helped us to make an ionselective membrane electrode. In view of the above-mentioned facts in concerning the present study, we report on electroanalytical applications of organic-inorganic composite cation-exchanger poly-o-toluidine Zr(IV) phosphate as a Hg(II)-sensitive ion-selective membrane electrode. Experimental Reagents and instrumentsThe main reagents used fo...

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Determination of mercury in urine by electrothermal vaporization isotope dilution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Cited by 48 publications

References 26 publications

Determination of Hg and Pb in Fuels by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Using Flow Injection Chemical Vapor Generation

Determination of Hg and Pb in Fuels by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Using Flow Injection Chemical Vapor Generation

Determination of trace elements in siliceous samples by ICP-MS after precipitation of silicon as sodium fluorosilicate

Organic-inorganic Composite Cation-exchanger: Poly-o-toluidine Zr(IV) Phosphate-based Ion-selective Membrane Electrode for the Potentiometric Determination of Mercury

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