Determination of methylcyclopentadienyl-manganese tricarbonyl in gasoline and water via ionic-liquid headspace single drop microextraction and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

Opportunities and shortcomings of ionic liquids in single-drop microextraction

“…However, HS-SDME has also been used for the enrichment of mercury [86] and methylcyclopentadienyl-manganese tricarbonyl (MMT) [93] into a single drop of IL. Mercury speciation has been performed by a two-step procedure involving IL-based HS-SDME and ETAAS [86].…”

Recent developments in the determination of residual solvents in pharmaceutical products by microextraction methods

“…Then, by using a commercial GC microsyringe whose needle is xed in the headspace of the extraction vials and a few microlitres of the extraction solvent suspended from its tip, the extraction is performed. 69 Wang et al 67 reported determination of the four volatile residual solvents in hydroxy-carbamide samples with this extraction technique. The linearity of the HS-SDME method ranged from 1 to 1000 ppm with limits of detection between 0.2 and 2.0 ppm.…”

Determination of Zinc, Copper, and Mercury in Water Samples by Using Novel Micro Cloud Point Extraction and UV-Vis Spectrophotometry

“…Green chemistry concentrates on eliminating or reducing the consumption of organic solvents, and/or replacing the organic solvent with non-toxic and environmental friendly solvents [23]. One of favorite approach in green chemistry is replacing organic solvent with non-toxic and non-flammable solvents such as ionic liquids [24][25][26][27][28][29]; however it must be noted that they are expensive solvents, many of them are not commercialized and they can also decompose in contact with moisture, giving harmful volatiles [30]. In 1978, Watanab introduced cloud point extraction (CPE) as a new extraction method for determination of Zn with l-(2-Pyridylazo)-2-Naphthol ligand [31].…”