Determination of moisture content and moisture content profiles in wood during drying by low-field nuclear magnetic resonance

Xu, Kang; Lu, Jianxiong; Gao, Yulei; Li, Xianjun

doi:10.1080/07373937.2017.1291519

Cited by 49 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…(2018) revealed that at the end of the HAD of Tricholoma matsutake , bound water content has decreased due to the change in the tissue structure of the material and serious damage to cell structures. However, at the end of drying, most of the bound water remained in the bananas, and the residual content of bound water was higher than the original content of bound water, indicating that FIR drying could not result in the migration or transfer of the bound water fraction because of high bond energy and strong binding (Xu, Lu, Gao, Wu, & Li, 2017) and conversely could not transform bound water into immobilized water. Moreover, as shown in Figure 6b and c, the A 22 and A 21 of the samples dried via FIR obviously changed more quickly than those of samples dried through HAD, which indicated that FIR resulted in a faster water migration rate than HAD.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of radiation temperature on dehydration and moisture migration in banana slices during far‐infrared radiation drying

Shi

Liu

et al. 2020

J. Food Process. Preserv.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of radiation temperature on dehydration and moisture migration in banana slices during far‐infrared radiation drying

Shi

Liu

et al. 2020

J. Food Process. Preserv.

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“…It affects both the calorific and economic value of fuel chips. It is also well known that almost all of the physical and mechanical properties of wood are affected by its moisture content, e.g., [ 7 , 8 , 9 ] and others. Knowledge of wood or wood chip MC is therefore very useful.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The direct, traditional, and still widely recognized method of determining the MC of wood chips is oven drying [ 2 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 9 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. Although oven drying is a standard and standardized [ 4 , 7 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ] method, many authors [ 2 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 12 , 13 , 15 , 16 , 17 ] also point out its disadvantages: the method is destructive, slow, and labor consuming, with potential sources of errors including mainly sampling errors or sample size, and it cannot be used for real-time measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They concluded that the precision in determining MC and short measurement time makes this machine interesting for determining the MC of wood chips at customer sites. Xu et al [ 9 ] demonstrated the possibility of MC profile measurement during wood drying by low-field MR using the Chinese-made device MesoMR23-060H-I. Aminti et al [ 4 ] then used the Valmet MR (formerly Metso MR) device for woody biomass moisture content determination in southern European conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrical Capacitance Characteristics of Wood Chips at Low Frequency Ranges: A Cheap Tool for Quality Assessment

Lev

Křepčík

Šarauskis

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Moisture content is one of the most important parameters related to the quality of wood chips that affects both the calorific and economic value of fuel chips. For industrial applications, moisture content needs to be detected quickly. For this purpose, various indirect moisture content measurement methods (e.g., capacitance, NIR, microwave, ECT, X-ray CT, and nuclear MR) have been investigated with different results in the past. Nevertheless, determining wood chip moisture content in real time is still a challenge. The main aim of this article was therefore to analyze the dielectric properties of wood chips at low frequencies (10 kHz–5 MHz) and to examine the possibility of using these properties to predict wood chip moisture content and porosity. A container-type probe was developed for this purpose. The electrical capacitance and dissipation factor of wood chips with different moisture content was measured by an LCR meter at 10 kHz, 50 kHz, 100 kHz, 500 kHz, 1 MHz, and 5 MHz frequencies. Wood chip porosity was also measured using a gas displacement method. Linear models for moisture content and porosity prediction were determined by backward stepwise linear regression. Mathematical model was developed to better understand the physical relationships between moisture content, porosity, and electrical capacitance. These models were able to predict the moisture content of observed quantities of wood chips with the required accuracy (R2 = 0.9−0.99). This finding opens another path to measuring the moisture content and porosity of wood chips in a relatively cheap and fast way and with adequate precision. In addition, principal component analysis showed that it is also possible to distinguish between individual wood chip fraction sizes from the information obtained.

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“…Wood from planted forests is a natural material with a complex hierarchical structure consisting mainly of a cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin matrix [1]. Poplar wood (Populus adenopoda Maxim) has become an important industrial raw material for the timber industry worldwide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Impregnation with Maltodextrin and 1,3-Dimethylol-4,5-Dihydroxyethyleneurea on the Conventional Drying Characteristics of Poplar Wood

Cai

et al. 2019

Applied Sciences

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The drying characteristics of poplar wood (Populus adenopoda Maxim) under three treatments were investigated with the aim of improving the drying quality of the impregnated wood. Untreated materials, impregnated materials with 10% initial moisture content (MC), and impregnated materials with 20% initial MC—denoted as T1, T2, and T3, respectively—were examined during conventional drying. Relative to that of T1, the average drying rate of T2 was reduced by 46%, and that of T3 was reduced by 37%. The anti-swelling efficiency of T2 sharply increased, whereas that of T3 only slightly increased in width and thickness. The drying defects of T2 were markedly less than those of T1 and T3, attributed to the reduced residual stress and fixation of the modifier. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that large amounts of modifiers were deposited inside the cell cavity of T2, whereas small amounts of modifiers were deposited in the cell cavity of T3. The impregnation treatment generally reduced the average drying rate and MC uniformity and delayed the decrease in residual stress; however, it reduced the number of defects in the wood and considerably improved the dimensional stability of the wood. Meanwhile, impregnation treatment with increased initial MC could potentially lead to more drying defects and increase production cost.

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Determination of moisture content and moisture content profiles in wood during drying by low-field nuclear magnetic resonance

Cited by 49 publications

References 40 publications

Effects of radiation temperature on dehydration and moisture migration in banana slices during far‐infrared radiation drying

Effects of radiation temperature on dehydration and moisture migration in banana slices during far‐infrared radiation drying

Electrical Capacitance Characteristics of Wood Chips at Low Frequency Ranges: A Cheap Tool for Quality Assessment

Effect of Impregnation with Maltodextrin and 1,3-Dimethylol-4,5-Dihydroxyethyleneurea on the Conventional Drying Characteristics of Poplar Wood

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