Determination of mutagenic-sensitivity and induced variability in the mutant populations of ‘Bacardi’ chrysanthemum cultivar

Abstract

Mutation breeding is one of the most important breeding method for ornamental plants. Chrysanthemum is the genus that has the richest mutant varieties in ornamental plants. The objective of this study is to create variation by gamma irradiation and improving traits by mutation breeding. For this aim, in vitro bud explants of white Bacardi variety were irradiated by gamma radiation at 20 Gy (Gray). In vitro subcultures were continued until M1V4 period and observations were obtained in this period. Some changes were observed on heights and flowers of the plants such as; variable flowers, flowering time, differentiation on plant length, flower number per bunch and ray floret differentiations. The changes of the ray florets were determined as color changes to pink and yellow. Mutation frequency was calculated by 1.1% of the population. Approximately 0.9% of useful mutant lines determined from the selected mutants.

Induction of mutagenesis on Chrysanthemums

“…We got the similar results according to a prior article we published the increasing gamma treatment dosages caused the decrease in shoot lengths (Haspolat et al, 2019). We detected smaller flower head diameters and color shifts to pink (8.5%) in our other evaluation of the study's initial selected group of mutants (Haspolat et al, 2022).…”

“…Hardened 36,000 plants were planted in greenhouses and observed in November 2020 when they were fully bloomed. Among the 36,000 flowering plants 300 of useful homogenous mutants were selected and 100 of them evaluated in this study, while the remaining 98 were included in another manuscript (Haspolat et al, 2022).…”

Variations in Flower Color of Mutant Chrysanthemums

“…Then, they were subcultured four times till the M 1 V 4 (Mutation 1: Vegetation 4) growing period and then planted in outdoor conditions after acclimatization. This part was the study's initial section, which was published in a different journal [30]. The research was conducted from 2022 to 2023.…”

“…The explants were surface sterilized in 70 percent (v/v) ethanol (EtOH) for one minute after three rounds of rinsing with distilled water. Next, three rinses were performed with a 25% hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) solution for the next 10 min, followed by autoclaved distilled water for five minutes each [30].…”

“…Selected mutants can be propagated vegetatively to obtain new plants with desirable traits that will be well received. Numerous experiments using tissue culture techniques for mutation breeding resulted in similar results, and diversity has been achieved with novel genotypes possessing the desired characteristics [30].…”