Determination of naphthaleneacetic acid residue in apples by high-performance liquid chromatography

Abstract

A method has been developed for the determination of naphthaleneacetic acid in apples using a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic technique with methanolwater as the mobile phase and employing a spectrophotometric detector. The statistical parameters of the calibration and the details of the recovery and the extraction procedure are described.

Apple Pomace as a Functional and Healthy Ingredient in Food Products: A Review

“…Although the assessment of pyrimethanil remains to be completed, a similar fungicide, cyprodinil, has been regarded as low-risk by the EPA. Moreover, the residue of plant growth regulators such as naphthaleneacetic acid [96] and diphenylamine [97] was also mentioned by several studies, and they are regarded as having no risk and low risk of toxicity by the EPA, respectively [98,99]. At present, there is no strong evidence showing health hazards related to apple pomace consumption.…”

Determination of naphthalene-derived compounds in apples by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

“…For instance, 2-naphthylacetic acid (␤-NAA) has been determined in groundwater after an industrial leakage episode [18] and the presence of naphthylacetamide (NAD) has been studied in fruits and vegetables [20,22]. Regarding to the sample treatment, classical solvent extraction methods are currently used when analyzing fruits and vegetables [9,10,14,15], nevertheless QuEcHERS-based extraction procedures have been applied in the last few years to obtain cleaner extracts and higher preconcentration factors [18,20,22,23].…”

“…Afterwards direct phosphorescence was also employed not only for the acid and the amide but also for ␤-NOA [10][11][12][13]. Once the chromatographic techniques became more significant in method development, reversed-phase liquid chromatography using C18 columns was employed for the analysis of these compounds using UV or fluorescence spectroscopy as detection techniques [14][15][16][17]. As regards liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) only few methods have been proposed for the determination of naphthalene polar derived compounds [18][19][20][21][22][23].…”

Analysis of plant hormones by microemulsion electrokinetic capillary chromatography coupled with on-line large volume sample stacking

“…8 However, the antibody preparation required for this technique was rather laborious, and it is inevitable to encounter cross-reactivity of the antibody with other plant hormone analogues. Meanwhile, chromatographic methods including gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) 9,10 and liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) [11][12][13][14] have been applied in the field of plant hormone analysis, where derivatization steps are required to improve volatility and sensitivity of the hormones in the GC-MS method. Derivatization is complicated reaction between various analytes and derivatization reagents, which may further introduce complicated byproducts, 15 and the high temperature in the GC injector and column also leads to the thermal breakdown of labile compounds such as abscisic acid glucosyl ester.…”