Determination of Nitrate in Plant Material

Johnson, C. M.; Ulrich, Albert

doi:10.1021/ac60048a018

Cited by 117 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…For the first experiment, cultures were exposed to aerated 0.2 mm Ca("NO,), containing 95 atom % "N and were harvested at 0, 3 Nitrate nitrogen was determined by the phenoldisulfonic acid method (11). When determination of 'N-enrichment in nitrate was required, nitrate was reduced to ammonia with Devarda's metal.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrate Uptake and Assimilation by Wheat Seedlings during Initial Exposure to Nitrate

Ashley

Jackson²,

Volk³

1975

Plant Physiol.

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Nitrate uptake, reduction, and translocation were examined in intact, 14-day-old, nitrogen-depleted wheat (Triticum vulgare var. Knox) seedlings during a 9-hour exposure to 0.2 mM Ca(NO3)2. The nitrate uptake rate was low during the initial 3-hour period, increased during the 3-to 6-hour period, and then declined. By the 3rd hour, 14% of the absorbed nitrate had been reduced, and this increased to 36% by the 9th hour. Shoots accumulated reduced '5N more rapidly than roots and the ratio of reduced "N to '5N-nitrate was higher in the shoots. A significant proportion of the total reduction occurred in the root system under these experimental conditions. Accumulation of "N in ethanol-insoluble forms was evident in both roots and shoots by the 3rd hour and, after 4.5 hours, increased more rapidly in shoots than in roots.An experiment in which a 3-hour exposure to 0.2 mM Ca('NO3)2 was followed by a 12-hour exposure to 0.2 mM Ca ("NO3)2 revealed a half-time of depletion of root nitrate of about 2.5 hours. A large proportion of this depletion, however, was due to loss of '5N-nitrate to the ambient "N-nitrate solution. The remaining pool of '5N-nitrate was only slowly available for reduction. Total "N translocation to the shoot was relatively efficient during the first 3 hours after transfer to Ca ("NO3)2 but it essentially ceased after that time in spite of significant pools of "N-nitrate and a-amino-"N remaining in the root tissue.Many higher plant species (3, 9, 10, 14, 15), as well as tobacco cell cultures (6) and Penicilliumii chrysogenum (5) experiments were conducted. The first involved exposure of nitrogen-depleted plants to nitrate solutions highly enriched in "N; the results show the effectiveness with which absorbed nitrate (a) accumulated in roots and shoots, (b) was reduced, and (c) was incorporated into protein during a 9-hr period. In the second experiment, a 3-hr exposure to highly enriched "Nnitrate was followed by an additional 12 hr in "N-nitrate, permitting an assessment of the fate of the initially absorbed "N-nitrate during the early phases of recovery from the nitrogen-depleted state. MATERIALS AND METHODSWheat seed (Triticum vulgare var. Knox) were kept moist with 10-' M CaSO4, germinated 3 days in darkness, and transferred to small plastic cups containing holes in the bottom through which the roots were threaded. Each cup contained six seedlings and henceforth will be referred to as a culture. Roots of the required numbers of cultures were placed in 13-liter plastic tanks containing nutrients at one-fifth the concentrations given by Hoagland and Arnon (7) for minus nitrogen solutions. The plants were grown in these solutions for 11 days in a controlled environment chamber. Sixteen hr of light and 8 hr of darkness were used. The light intensity was 194 hectolux at plant height, and temperature was 24 +2 C and 17 + 2 C during the light and dark periods, respectively. These growth conditions produced seedlings low in nitrogen and high in carbohydrate content (16). Thus the seedlings would be...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrate Uptake and Assimilation by Wheat Seedlings during Initial Exposure to Nitrate

Ashley

Jackson²,

Volk³

1975

Plant Physiol.

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“…Bromide was determined by the iodometric procedure of White and Kilpatrick (18) after fusing a suitable aliquot of the dried sample with NaOH in a nickel crucible. Calcium plus magnesium were estimated together by a method essentially similar to the ethylenediamine tetraacetate titration procedure of Cheng and Bray (4); nitrate as described by Johnson and Ulrich (9); inorganic sulfate according to Johnson and Nishita (8) sorption and this view is supported in the following experiment. An experiment carried out as described above, but in 0.005 N KHCO3, gave the K, organic acid and malic acid results plotted in figure 2.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Acid Metabolism and Ion Absorption in Roots

Jacobson¹,

Ordin²

1954

Plant Physiol.

113

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“…It was separated and identified by paper chromatography with phenol-water, ethanolwater, and butanol-acetic acid-water as solvents followed by spraying the paper with the Sakaguchi reagents (4). Nitrate was analyzed using a phenoldisulfonic acid procedure (12). Potassium and sodium were determined in ash solutions by flame photometry employing a Beckman DU spectophotometer.…”

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confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Metabolism in Scenedesmus as Affected by Environmental Changes.

Thomas

Krauss

1955

Plant Physiol.

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In recent years investigations into the physiology of green algae have been stimulated by a recognition of their possible commercial use (6) in addition to their common acceptance as research tools for certain fundamental problems. These Briefly stated, the algae were grown in 300-1, glasscovered, polyethylene-lined, ply wood vats, havingf a surface area of 2 m2 and a depth of 15 cm. Circulation of the culture was provided by stainless steel stirrers mounted in diagonally opposite corners of the vat. Water for the culture was deionized by an ion exchange column. Five percent CO2-in-air was suppliedl through a porous carbon pipe at a rate of 50 1/ hr. The cultures were illuminated by a battery of fluorescent and incandescent lamps mounted on a reflector. Illuminance averaged 1000 fc and irradiance averaged 0.12 gm cal/cm2x sec at the surface of the culture. The temperature of the solution was held between 25 and 290 C by means of thermostatically controlled air conditioners mounted in the wall of the culture room.The shaking apparatus for small cultures, described by Krauss (15), was used for certain experiments. Cell suspensions were placed in 500-ml Erlenmeyer flasks fitted with a ground glass joint containing an inlet tube through which 5 % C02-in-air was bubbled. The flasks were rocked in a 25°C water bath which was illuminated through a glass bottom by fluorescent lamps.The basal nutrient solution was that developed in this laboratory (16) containing 1.00 gm KNO3/1, 0.2i5 gm NIgSO4 .7 H110/1, and 0.25 gm KH2PO4/l. Micronutrients were supplied as inner complex salts of ethvlenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). One hundred ml stock solutions of the complexes were made containing 7.70 gm EDTA * NaFe; 7.70 gm EDTA* Na,9Mn; 9.35 gm EDTA *Na2Ca; 7.15 gm EDTA-Na2Zn; 7.70gm EDTA-Na9Cu; and 6.67 gm EDTA Na2Co. Sixty ml of the iron stock solution and 30 ml of the stock solutions of the other complexes were added to each 3001 of nutrient solution.This yielded a concentration of 2ppm of iron and 1 ppm of the other micronutrients in the basal nutrient solution. The pH of this medium was adjusted to 7.0 with KOH.

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Determination of Nitrate in Plant Material

Cited by 117 publications

References 6 publications

Nitrate Uptake and Assimilation by Wheat Seedlings during Initial Exposure to Nitrate

Nitrate Uptake and Assimilation by Wheat Seedlings during Initial Exposure to Nitrate

Organic Acid Metabolism and Ion Absorption in Roots

Nitrogen Metabolism in Scenedesmus as Affected by Environmental Changes.

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