Determination of NPS Fertilizer Rate Based on Calibrated Phosphorus for Yield of Bread Wheat in Wachale District, North Shewa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia

Abstract

Farmers are using NPS fertilizer rates in the area without any recommendation of crop response to the respective fertilizers This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of NPS fertilizer rate for higher yield of bread wheat in Wachale district. The experiment consisted six rates of NPS fertilizer rate supplemented with 92 kg N ha -1 laid out in RCBD with three replications. Improved variety of bread wheat Danda'a was used. The analyzed result indicated that, plant height and wheat grain yield were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by NPS fertilizer rate. The highest (94.56 cm) plant height was recorded from the application of 100% P-critical in NPS fertilizer rate and the lowest (63.62 cm) plant height was recorded from unfertilized plot. The highest (2833 kg ha -1 ) grain yield was obtained from the application of 100% P-critical in NPS fertilizer rate and the lowest (888 kg ha -1 ) grain yield was obtained from unfertilized plot. Partial budget analysis showed that the highest net benefit (53401.51 ETB ha -1 ) and marginal rate of return (MRR) (1093.80%) were obtained from the fertilizer application of 100% P critical in NPS fertilizer). Therefore, 100% equivalent rate of NPS fertilizer rate in relative to determined critical phosphorus supplemented with 92 kg N ha -1 for bread wheat could be recommended and thus soil test based crop response phosphorus fertilizer recommendation with 92 kg ha -1 of Nitrogen could be demonstrated and further scaled up for Bread wheat in Wachale district.