Determination of Oil Products in Soil by Fractions

Abstract

Depending on a method for determining oil products and chemical features of an extraction agent, research of the same soil samples has shown different results. The highest values of oil products analyzed using carbon tetrachloride on a concentration meter AN-2 may indicate the most complete determination of gross content. Hexane extraction in determining oil products on spectrofluorimeter «Flyuorat-02» has shown the lowest values of all three methods.The proportion of soluble fractions which are in a mobile state or in the dissolved phase (summing up the results of their determination on «Flyuorat-02») can be called a mobile fraction (OPm). The high proportion of OPm (over 50%) in the topsoil can serve as a diagnostic indicator of permanent income of oil products to the soil. As a result of autoclaving at temperatures up to 170 °C and a pressure of 1,5 atm volatile fractions evaporate (OPv). In uncontaminated virgin soil oil is a fraction of organic compounds of the soil. The oil volatiles have not been defined that may be a diagnostic indicator of the lack of intoxication soils.

Problems of ecology and ensuring environmental safety in relation to toxic “Krasny Bor” dump site

“…The buried (filled up) toxic substances have penetrated into tectonic fractures irrespective of what rock fills the underground space. It has been proven that toxic substances have easily proliferated beyond the limits of landfill site at places of tectonic instability [20][21][22]. To suit the case another wrong theory has appeared saying that allegedly a contact of water with waste slurry (pH from 0.5 to 13.5) will bring about a "self-healing" of the newly formed leakages (if any) due to clay swelling and adsorption processes, which certainly will get the "second breath" and will efficiently take place in the presence of just toxic chemicals and petroleum products.…”

Benz(a)pyrene content in soil and medicinal plants of Perm Krai (Russian Federation)

“…Natural sources of this xenobiotic include forest fires, volcanic activity, and fallows. Sources of anthropogenic pollution of the habitat with this compound are burning of solid and liquid organic substances, processing of oil and oil products [4,5], wood, grass and crop residues on fields, solid municipal waste, and gaseous emissions of motor vehicles.…”