Determination of optimal well locations and pumping/injection rates for groundwater heat pump system

Park, Dongkyu; Lee, Eun-Hee; Kaown, Dugin; Lee, Seong‐Sun; Lee, Kang‐Kun

doi:10.1016/j.geothermics.2021.102050

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Regarding the temperature BCs, during the calibration simulations, a Dirichlet heat BC was applied at the injection wells, imposing the temperature recorded in continuous monitoring during the activation of the GWHPs. For predictive simulations, the FEFLOW open-loop plugin was used [41][42][43]. This plugin relates the temperature at extraction and injection wells by applying a differential, making it possible to evaluate the impact of GWHPs considering the maximum variations allowed by Italian legislation.…”

Section: Initial and Boundary Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability of an Open-Loop GWHP System in an Italian Alpine Valley

Cappellari

Piccinini

Pontin³

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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Shallow geothermal systems (SGSs) for building climatization represent an advantageous alternative to traditional air-conditioning systems, resulting in economic and environmental benefits. Installation of these systems requires knowledge of site-specific geological and hydrogeological conditions, which in feasibility studies are often evaluated only at the single plant scale, lacking a comprehensive view and risking not to guarantee the system sustainability over time. In this paper a methodology for the sustainable design of SGSs is presented. The methodology is developed from an example on the aquifer scale in Longarone (Belluno, Italy), where three groundwater heat pumps (GWHPs) were installed in an industrial area located in a mountain basin hosting a coarse-grained phreatic aquifer, characterized by sediments with high hydraulic conductivity and proximal to a large river (Piave River). Open-loop systems were first analyzed through numerical modeling using FEFLOW software, identifying peculiar features of the aquifer, due to its interaction with surface waters, and suggesting the possibility of its greater geothermal exploitation. Subsequently, a relationship between flow rates and thermal plume extensions was obtained, which is useful to providing support in the evaluation of potential interference with neighboring systems. The study at the aquifer scale proved representative of the system, highlighting the criticalities of the area, such as trends of aquifer temperature alteration, interference between plants, and thermal feedback.

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Section: Initial and Boundary Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability of an Open-Loop GWHP System in an Italian Alpine Valley

Cappellari

Piccinini

Pontin³

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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“…Zhou et al (2022b) proposed recycling groundwater, and the results shown that the performance of groundwater source heat pump systems could be greatly enhanced and water wasted minimized. Park et al (2021) proposed a simulation optimization approach, a model that can determine the optimal well location and pump/injection rate to find the best installation and operation strategy for the system. Halilovic et al (2022) proposed a strategy for optimizing the hair of the well layout of groundwater source heat pump systems to maximize the utilization of thermal potential of groundwater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on heat exchange of groundwater under complex geological conditions in karst area of south China

Wang

Huang³

2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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This paper takes a groundwater source heat pump in the region as the research object and based on field research, experimental tests combined with comparative analysis, the data on its operation is monitored and analyzed in terms of operation, energy saving, and environment. The results show that the cooling temperatures of the test rooms were all below 26°C, the average coefficient of performance of the units was 4.61–4.93 and the average coefficient of performance of the system was 3.08–3.27. In addition, compared to conventional water-cooled chillers, 466 tons of standard coal could be saved in one cooling season, resulting in a reduction of 1,150.8 tons of carbon dioxide emissions, 9.3 tons of sulfur dioxide emissions and 4.7 tons of dust emissions The savings in operating costs are 793,000 RMB. This shows that the groundwater source heat pump has good energy efficiency and economy. The research results obtained in this paper provide a reference for improving energy efficiency and optimizing the operation of the groundwater source heat pump system. It is of great significance to the application of groundwater source heat pump systems in areas with complex geological environments.

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“…Previous studies on the optimization of GWHP systems have primarily focused on parameters such as well distance between injection and abstraction wells [7,8] and well locations and injection/abstraction rates [14,15]. Many studies have been conducted on thermal plume development and its impact on the system efficiency and sustainability [2,7,[16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Investigation and Optimization of a District-Scale Groundwater Heat Pump System

Sezer,

Sani,

Singh

et al. 2023

Energies

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Groundwater heat pump (GWHP) systems are acknowledged as renewable and sustainable energy sources that can effectively fulfill the heating and cooling requirements of buildings on a district level. These systems harness geothermal sources available at shallow depths. To ensure the long-term sustainability of the system, the thermally used water is generally reinjected into the aquifer, creating a thermal plume starting from the injection well. Over time, this thermal plume may reach the abstraction well in the long term, potentially leading to a reduction in system efficiency. The operation types have a significant impact on this matter, and their effects have not been extensively studied in the existing literature. Therefore, this study aims to determine the optimal operating configurations for the Northern Gateway Heat Network, a GWHP system established in Colchester, UK. In this study, four distinct operation types are considered: (1) continuous heating (actual system), (2) heating and recovery, (3) heating and cooling, and (4) aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES). The results indicate that ATES operation yields the highest thermal energy output due to its ability to benefit from stored energy from the previous operation. However, implementing the ATES system may encounter challenges due to factors such as well development, hydraulic conductivity, and hydraulic gradient. On the other hand, implementing heating and cooling operations does not require additional considerations and offers not only free cooling to buildings but also a delay in thermal feedback time.

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Determination of optimal well locations and pumping/injection rates for groundwater heat pump system

Cited by 18 publications

References 28 publications

Sustainability of an Open-Loop GWHP System in an Italian Alpine Valley

Sustainability of an Open-Loop GWHP System in an Italian Alpine Valley

Study on heat exchange of groundwater under complex geological conditions in karst area of south China

Numerical Investigation and Optimization of a District-Scale Groundwater Heat Pump System

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