Determination of optimum borate concentration for alleviating strength loss during heat treatment of wood

Awoyemi, L.

doi:10.1007/s00226-007-0139-4

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In the literature wood samples were impregnated with different concentrations (1 to 13%) of boron compounds (Peker et al 1999;Toker 2007;Awoyemi 2008;Özçifçi 2008). In conclusion, mechanical strength losses increased with increasing concentration of boron compounds.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Winandy (1997) determined that adding boron-based buffers to the fire retardant treatment chemicals appeared to significantly reduce subsequent thermal degradation. Awoyemi (2008) reported that pre-impregnation of borate as an alkali-buffering medium decreased the severity of strength loss during heat treatment. This was invariably due to the buffering effect of alkali on wood acidity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Boron Impregnation and Heat Treatment on Some Mechanical Properties of Oak (Quercus petraea Liebl.) Wood

Perçin¹,

Sofuoğlu²,

Uzun³

2015

BioResources

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Heat treatment changes some physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of wood. Inorganic borates have been used as wood preservatives for many years. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of impregnation chemicals on some mechanical properties (bending strength (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), tensile strength parallel to the grain (TS), compression strength parallel to the grain (CS), and shear strength parallel to the grain (SS)) of heat-treated oak (Quercus petraea Liebl.). For this purpose, the oak wood specimens were impregnated with 5% aqueous solution of boric acid (BA) and borax (BX). Then specimens were heat-treated at 160, 190, and 220 °C for 2 and 4 h. According to the results of the study, borax retention value was higher than boric acid. The bending strength, modulus of elasticity in bending, tensile strength parallel to the grain, and shear strength parallel to the grain decreased due to heat treatment. The highest mechanical strength losses were determined in samples heat treated at 220 °C for 4 h. Generally the mechanical strength losses of samples impregnated with borax were lower than non-impregnated controls and specimens impregnated with boric acid.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Boron Impregnation and Heat Treatment on Some Mechanical Properties of Oak (Quercus petraea Liebl.) Wood

Perçin¹,

Sofuoğlu²,

Uzun³

2015

BioResources

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“…Although it has negative effects on the strength properties of wood, there are some techniques for mitigating these effects (Awoyemi andWestermark 2005, Awoyemi 2007). …”

Section: Universidad Del Bío -Bíomentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of heat-treatment on permeability of untreated and nanosilver-impregnated native hardwoods

Taghiyari

2013

Maderas, Cienc. tecnol.

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The effects of heat-treatment on permeability are the main topic of the present study. Longitudinal dowel shape pairs of specimens were prepared from three native species and their specific gas permeability values were measured. From each pair, one specimen was kept for heat-treatment and the other was impregnated with 200 ppm nano-silver suspension; the size range of nanoparticles was 20-80 nm. In six consecutive steps, each pair was heated at 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, and 185°C. Results showed that gas permeability increased when specimens were heated at 50°C as a result of the loss of bond-water and consequent shrinkage. Permeability sharply decreased when the specimens were heated at 75°C and gradually increased at each step up-to 150°C. At 185°C, permeability again decreased in. The sharp decrease in permeability at 75°C was possibly due to irreversible hydrogen bonding in the course of water movements within the vessel perforations and pore system of cell walls. The gradual increase in permeability at higher temperatures, though, might be due to higher internal stresses that are released as micro-cracks develop, thus leading to a greater capability of fluidtransfer. Nano-silver impregnation intensified this process.

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“…Thermal modification at high temperatures has decreasing effects on some mechanical properties of wood. However, there are some ways to mitigate the decreasing results [14]. Thermal modification is mostly carried out between the temperatures of 160 and 260 • C. Temperatures that are lower than 140 • C usually result in very little changes in the mechanical properties, but higher temperatures result in so much degradation that the mechanical properties are usually unacceptable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paint Pull-Off Strength and Permeability in Nanosilver-Impregnated and Heat-Treated Beech Wood

2019

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The effects of impregnation with nanosilver suspension as well as heat treatment on pull-off adhesion strength and specific air permeability in beech specimens were studied here. The size range of silver nanoparticles was 30–80 nm. The cross-section of specimens was cold-sprayed with unpigmented sealer-clear, polyester, and lacquer paints. Heat treatment, as the most commonly used wood modification, was applied at three different temperatures of 145, 165, and 185 °C. Results showed that the highest and lowest pull-off strengths were found in the un-impregnated and unheated specimens painted with polyester (8.98 MPa) and the unpainted unheated nanosilver-impregnated specimens (3.10 MPa), respectively. Impregnation with nanosilver resulted in the rupture of perforation plates and pit openings, and eventually, permeability increased significantly. As for the pull-off adhesion strength, the increased permeability resulted in the adhesive being penetrated in to the pores in the wood substrate, and eventually, a significant decrease in the pull-off strengths occurred. No significant correlation was found between pull-off strength versus specific air permeability, although both properties depend on the porous structure. This was due to the fact that permeability depends on the continuous pore system, while pull-off strength is dependent on the surface pore system of the substrate.

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Determination of optimum borate concentration for alleviating strength loss during heat treatment of wood

Cited by 21 publications

References 12 publications

Effects of Boron Impregnation and Heat Treatment on Some Mechanical Properties of Oak (Quercus petraea Liebl.) Wood

Effects of Boron Impregnation and Heat Treatment on Some Mechanical Properties of Oak (Quercus petraea Liebl.) Wood

Effects of heat-treatment on permeability of untreated and nanosilver-impregnated native hardwoods

Paint Pull-Off Strength and Permeability in Nanosilver-Impregnated and Heat-Treated Beech Wood

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