Determination of optimum conditions for breaking bulb dormancy in relation to growth and flowering in Lilium hansonii

Growth, bolting and yield of garlic (Allium sativum L.) in response to clove chilling treatment

“…Therefore, the most important floral induction factors in garlic should be variety, bulb storage duration and temperature, and photoperiod and growth temperature (Pooler and Simon, 1993). Chilling treatment during bulb storage has been researched significantly on Allium and Lilium (Le Nard and De Hertogh, 1993;Bandara et al, 2000;Khokhar et al, 2007;Lee et al, 2007Lee et al, , 2008Mojtahedi et al, 2012Mojtahedi et al, , 2013Lucidos et al, 2014), but chilling treatment on bulbs as a substitute for plant vernalization has rarely been reported. The results of Karaguzel and Baktir (2013) indicate that cold treatments and their durations had significant effects on the flower stem length, flower stem diameter and flowering time of Allium robertianum Kolmann; the best results were obtained from bulbs stored at 10 • C for a 30-day period in a heated glasshouse, while the earliest flowering was observed in bulbs stored at 5 • C for 60 days in the glasshouse.…”

“…It was presumed that this fact was due to the climatic conditions of the pre-planting chilling treatment and the cropping location. Lucidos et al (2014) showed that low-temperature exposure affected stem elongation and leaf production in Lilium hansonii; exposure of bulbs to 4 • C for 65 days promoted stem elongation and development of higher numbers of leaves with a 2-whorl leaf pattern. Kurtar and Ayan (2005) reported that exposure of tulips to low temperature increased the production of gibberellins and auxins, which are necessary for stalk elongation.…”

“…Tulip (Tulipa gesneriana) bulbs require a low-temperature treatment (4-5 • C) for shoot elongation and flower formation (Le Nard and De Hertogh, 1993). Low-temperature exposure also influences specific phases of growth, and the optimum temperature and exposure time diverges with the growth stage (Lucidos et al, 2014). In Allium, flower scape development reaches a maximum at 11 • C, whereas in the tulip flower scape, maximum elongation occurs at 0-9 • C for 10-12 weeks (Le Nard and De Hertogh, 1993).…”

Determination of Flower Bud Initiation in Oriental Hybrid Lilies ‘Siberia’ and ‘Sorbonne’

“…To produce good quality bulbs throughout the year, proper handling of bulbs, the nature of bulb dormancy and maturity, and floral initiation and development should be clearly understood (Roh, 1989;Lucidos et al, 2014). Production of Lilium involves three distinct phases, namely bulb production, bulb programming, and greenhouse forcing.…”

“…As the selected oriental hybrid lilies are lateflowering cultivars (Wilkins and Dole, 1997) the flower bud initiation occurred after shoot emergence, specifically 20 days after emergence or when the shoots were 11-13 cm long. However, Lucidos et al (2014) mentioned flower initiation and development 10-15 days after the planting of bulbs in the Orientals. This variation may be due to storage conditions/handling or environmental settings during planting.…”