Determination of organotin residues from plictran in fruit crops by gas-liquid chromatography

Gauer, William O.; Seiber, James N.; Crosby, Donald G.

doi:10.1021/jf60192a028

Cited by 27 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Tricyclohexyltin Hydroxide (Plictran) on Apple Tree Leaves. Apple tree leaves which had been treated with Plictran were derivatized according to the method described by Gauer, Seiber, and Crosby (2). In this procedure the extraction and derivatization were essentially accomplished in one step by sequentially adding a solution of HBr and then benzene to the flask containing a known quantity of the leaves.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of metal-sensitive flame ionization and carbon-sensitive flame ionization detectors for the gas chromatographic determination of organotins

Hansen¹,

Gilfoil²,

Hill³

1981

Anal. Chem.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of metal-sensitive flame ionization and carbon-sensitive flame ionization detectors for the gas chromatographic determination of organotins

Hansen¹,

Gilfoil²,

Hill³

1981

Anal. Chem.

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“…ref. 2), we attempted to treat the column with dimethyldichlorosilane, a compound traditionally used to deactivate the silanol groups of the chromatographic support. The hydride peaks were not improved, but new peaks started to appear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transformation and transmission of organotin compounds inside a gas chromatograph

Aue¹,

Flinn²,

Flinn³

et al. 1989

Can. J. Chem.

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. 67, 402 (1989). A wide variety of mono-, di-, and tri-substituted tin compounds are transformed to, and transmitted as, chlorides, bromides, or iodides on injection into a gas chromatographic system doped with HC1, HBr, or HI, respectively. This transformation occurs directly from some thirty-odd analytes such as organotin oxides, hydroxides, organic esters, and other halides including fluorides. Three germanium compounds appear to behave similarly. A conventional, packed-column gas chromatographic set-up with flame photometric or flame ionization detector can tolerate the necessary acid doping. Compounds such as bis(tributy1tin) oxide will elute, as halides, in subpicogram amounts. If the dopant flow is turned off, the packed column can act as a hydrogen halide reservoir for several days of operation. The transformations of tributyltin species into the halide form are generally fast on the timescale of chromatographic processes, i.e. sharp peaks result from the use of mixed hydrogen halides, and the retention time of mixed-halide peaks can be adjusted by varying the dopant composition.Key words: organotins, gas chromatography, derivatization, acid doping, photometric detection. Chem. 67,402 (1989).Lorsqu'on injecte une grande varittC de composCs mono-, di-et tri-substituCs de I'Ctain dans un systkme de chromatographie en phase gazeuse dopC par du HC1, du HBr ou du HI, ils sont respectivement transformCs en, et transmis sous la forme de, chlorures, bromures ou iodures. Ces transformations se produisent directement a partir d'environ trente dCrivCs comme des oxydes, des hydroxydes, des esters organiques et d'autres halogCnures (y compris les fluorures) organiques de l'ttain. I1 semble que trois composCs du germanium se comportent de la m&me manikre. Une colonne rtguliere de chromatographie en phase gazeuse remplie, munie d'une dttecteur photomCtrique a flamme ou 5 ionisation a flamme, peut tolCrer le dopage acide appropriC. Des composCs cornme l'oxyde de bis(tributy1ttain) seront CluCs sous la forme d'halogknure, les quantitCs formCes seront inftrieures au picogramme. Lorsqu'on arr&te 1'Ccoulement de I'agent de dopage, la colonne remplie agit pendant plusieurs jours cornrne rtservoir d'halogCnure d'hydrogtne. Les transformations des espkces tributylCtain en dtrivts halogCnCs sont gCnCralement rapides si on les compare I'Cchelle de temps des processus chromatographiques, c'est-a-dire que, lorsqu'on utilise des mClanges d'halogtnures d'hydrogkne, on observe des pics fins et le temps de rCtention des pics provenant d'halogtnures rnixtes peut &tre ajustC en faisant varier la composition de l'agent de dopage.

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“…GLC properties, high response to electron-capture (EC) detection, and none of the attendant column stability problems encountered elsewhere with other derivatives (9). The inorganic tin species were quantitated by a n adaptation of a sensitized pyrocatechol-violet method (6), modified to account for any tin(1V) oxide present in solution or suspension.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…None of the over 140 methods concerning organotin analysis listed in a 1970 bibliography (4) or those in the more recent literature (5) adequately met these criteria. For example, the colorimetric procedures of Corbin (6, 7) were sensitive and utilized simple instrumentation but lacked specificity; the anodic stripping voltammetry method of Booth and Fleet (8) was specific for triphenyltin but required elaborate equipment; and the gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) procedure of Gauer et al (9), while specific for various cyclohexyltin bromides, was not adaptable to the phenyltin analogues because of the low volatility of the phenyltin bromide derivatives.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…None of these compounds responded well to GLC, primarily because of their nonvolatile nature, and attempts to overcome this difficulty by conversion of the phenyltins to their corresponding halide, acetate, or methylether derivatives were unsuccessful. However, preparation of the hydride series, which are the most volatile and least ionic phenyltins possible, resulted in derivatives with excellent 'Present address, California Analytical Labs, Sacramento, Calif. Colorimetry GLC properties, high response to electron-capture (EC) detection, and none of the attendant column stability problems encountered elsewhere with other derivatives (9). The inorganic tin species were quantitated by an adaptation of a sensitized pyrocatechol-violet method (6), modified to account for any tin(IV) oxide present in solution or suspension.…”

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Determination of triphenyltin hydroxide and its degradation products in water

Soderquist¹,

Crosby²

1978

Anal. Chem.

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An analytical method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of triphenyltin hydroxide and its possible degradation products tetraphenyitin, diphenyitin oxide, benrenestannoic acid, and inorganic tin in water. The method Is rapid (one sample set per hour), sensitive to less than 0.01 wg/mL for most of the tin species, exhibits no cross-interferences between the phenyltins, and requires no elaborate equipment. The phenyltins are detected by electron-capture gas-liquid chromatography after conversion to their hydride derivatives, while inorganic tin is determined by a procedure which responds to tin(1V) oxide as well as aqueous tin(1V) cation, a procedure not previously described in the literature.Triphenyltin hydroxide (Duter) is a member of the organotin class of agricultural chemicals which also includes tricyclohexyltin hydroxide (Plictran) and triphenyltin acetate (Brestan), and is currently registered under a experimental-use permit in California as a fungicide in rice culture. As part of a study of the chemicals used in rice culture ( I , Z), we are examining the environmental fate of Duter (3).In order t o obtain information necessary to establish the fate of triphenyltin hydroxidefor example, photodegradation products and hydrolytic stability-it was essential to have an analytical method that (a) was capable of differentiating the parent compound and its degradation products, (b) was sensitive to sub-pg/mL levels in water, and (c) utilized readily available instrumentation. None of the over 140 methods concerning organotin analysis listed in a 1970 bibliography (4) or those in the more recent literature (5) adequately met these criteria. For example, the colorimetric procedures of Corbin (6, 7) were sensitive and utilized simple instrumentation but lacked specificity; the anodic stripping voltammetry method of Booth and Fleet (8) was specific for triphenyltin but required elaborate equipment; and the gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) procedure of Gauer et al. (9), while specific for various cyclohexyltin bromides, was not adaptable to the phenyltin analogues because of the low volatility of the phenyltin bromide derivatives.From previous studies on other organotin compounds ( I O , I I ) , it appeared that diphenyltin oxide (Ph2Sn0, where P h = phenyl), benzenestannoic acid (PhSnOzH), and inorganic tin would be likely degradation products of triphenyltin hydroxide (Ph3SnOH). (Current Chemical Abstracts nomenclature as follows: PhSnOzH, hydroxyoxophenyl stannane; PhzSnO, oxodiphenyl stannane; Ph,SnOH, hydroxytriphenyl stannane.) None of these compounds responded well to GLC, primarily because of their nonvolatile nature, and attempts to overcome this difficulty by conversion of the phenyltins to their corresponding halide, acetate, or methylether derivatives were unsuccessful. However, preparation of the hydride series, which are the most volatile and least ionic phenyltins possible, resulted in derivatives with excellent 'Present address, California Analytical Labs, Sacramento, Calif. 95814. Sc...

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Determination of organotin residues from plictran in fruit crops by gas-liquid chromatography

Cited by 27 publications

References 3 publications

Comparison of metal-sensitive flame ionization and carbon-sensitive flame ionization detectors for the gas chromatographic determination of organotins

Comparison of metal-sensitive flame ionization and carbon-sensitive flame ionization detectors for the gas chromatographic determination of organotins

Transformation and transmission of organotin compounds inside a gas chromatograph

Determination of triphenyltin hydroxide and its degradation products in water

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