Determination of Particle Size and Distribution through Image-Based Macroscopic Analysis of the Structure of Biomass Briquettes

Chaloupková, Veronika; Ivanova, Tatiana; Ekrt, Ondřej; Kabutey, Abraham; Herák, D.

doi:10.3390/en11020331

Cited by 35 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…Anaerobic decomposition is the process of producing biogas, and generates electricity.Among all the conversion techniques of biomass conversion, the pyrolysis process offers a number of benefits, including less emissions and that all the by-products can be reused. In addition, during the process, pyrolysis produces solid or carbonised products, liquid products (bio-oils, tars, and water) and a gas mixture composed mainly of CO 2 , CO, H 2, and CH 4 [21][22][23]. The oil resulting from the pyrolysis of biomass, usually referred to as bio-oil, is a renewable liquid fuel, which is the main advantage over petroleum products.…”

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An Overview of Recent Developments in Biomass Pyrolysis Technologies

et al. 2018

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Biomass is a promising sustainable and renewable energy source, due to its high diversity of sources, and as it is profusely obtainable everywhere in the world. It is the third most important fuel source used to generate electricity and for thermal applications, as 50% of the global population depends on biomass. The increase in availability and technological developments of recent years allow the use of biomass as a renewable energy source with low levels of emissions and environmental impacts. Biomass energy can be in the forms of biogas, bio-liquid, and bio-solid fuels. It can be used to replace fossil fuels in the power and transportation sectors. This paper critically reviews the facts and prospects of biomass, the pyrolysis process to obtain bio-oil, the impact of different pyrolysis technology (for example, temperature and speed of pyrolysis process), and the impact of various reactors. The paper also discusses different pyrolysis products, their yields, and factors affecting biomass products, including the present status of the pyrolysis process and future challenges. This study concluded that the characteristics of pyrolysis products depend on the biomass used, and what the pyrolysis product, such as bio-oil, can contribute to the local economy. Finally, more research, along with government subsidies and technology transfer, is needed to tackle the future challenges of the development of pyrolysis technology.Energies 2018, 11, 3115 2 of 24 growth and ongoing economic and technological advancement around the world [4]. Currently, fossil fuels are the main source of energy because of their high calorific values, good anti-knocking properties, and high heating values; meanwhile, reserves are limited. Therefore, the development of alternative energy resources can lower the depletion of fossil fuel by reducing their consumption [5][6][7]. On the other hand, the world's heating condition is increasing every day. The atmospheric CO 2 level has crossed the risky level that was forecast to happen in another 10 years [8]. Furthermore, the depletion of fossil fuels and extreme change of climate have driven the search for alternative energies and renewable energy sources that can meet the world's energy demand, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, curb pollution, and maintain the planet's temperature at a stable level [9][10][11].Among the alternative energy sources, biomass can become a promising sustainable energy source, due to its high diversity and availability [12]. Biomass can be defined as all biodegradable organic material derived from animals, plants, or microorganisms. This definition also includes products, by-products, waste originating in agricultural activities, as well as non-fossil organic waste produced by industrial and municipal waste [13]. Biomass is the third most important source used to generate electricity and thermal applications [14,15]. The most common biomass feedstocks are banana peel, rice and coffee husks, sugarcane bagasse, palm oil processing residues, and the waste of animals [16,17]. ...

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An Overview of Recent Developments in Biomass Pyrolysis Technologies

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“…Samples of bulk Jatropha curcas L. seedcake of 7.5% moisture content on wet basis were used for the briquette densification. Sample size distributions of 4.5, 5.6, 6.7, 8 and 10 mm were determined using a horizontal sieve shaker (Retsch AS 200, Germany) for 30 minutes at an amplitude of 3.0 mm/"g", according to the standard [21,22]. The moisture content was determined using the standard oven-drying method [23][24][25].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Energy Requirement of Jatropha Curcas L. Seedcake Briquettes under Compression Loading

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The energy requirement of Jatropha curcas L. seedcake of different dimensions (4.5, 5.6, 6.7, 8 and 10 mm) for briquette compaction was investigated under compression loading (100, 200, 300 and 400 kN) using the universal compression-testing machine. The parameters measured and/or calculated were the deformation, thickness, numerical energy and theoretical energy. The statistical analysis results show that compression forces had a significant effect (P-value < 0.05) on the amounts of deformation and thickness, while that of the dimensions of the sample did not. The increase in compression forces increased the numerical energy while that of samples dimensions caused a decrease. Using the tangent curve mathematical model; the force coefficient of mechanical behaviour (kN), the deformation coefficient of mechanical behaviour and the fitting curve function exponent were determined for describing the experimental dependency between the force and deformation curves as well as the numerical energies of densified jatropha seedcake briquettes.

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“…The biomass is regarded as a RES of high potential, which can satisfy energy demands of contemporary society both in developed and developing countries throughout the world [6][7][8][9]. The interest in biofuels created from different biomass types including agricultural energy waste and energy cultivations is growing [10,11]. The use of biomass to produce energy is around 50% of all RES in the world, and in Europe it is 70% [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this reason, the shredded material is subjected to compaction using high pressure [8,17]. Briquetting is one of the basic technologies for thickening and converting biomass into solid biofuel-bio-briquettes intended for direct combustion [8,10,18]. Briquetting is a process that comprises several stages, such as initial shredding, milling and densifying.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The size of the particles and their distribution are included in the main factors determining the physical and mechanical properties of the briquette. Finer milling means higher density, hardness and durability, but also causes higher production costs [10]. Many researches were dedicated to describing and explaining the processes of biomass densification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Decision Support System for the Production of Miscanthus and Willow Briquettes

Francik

Knapczyk

Knapczyk³

et al. 2020

Energies

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The biomass is regarded as a part of renewable energy sources (RES), which can satisfy energy demands. Biomass obtained from plantations is characterized by low bulk density, which increases transport and storage costs. Briquetting is a technology that relies on pressing biomass with the aim of obtaining a denser product (briquettes). In the production of solid biofuels, the technological as well as material variables significantly influence the densification process, and as a result influence the end quality of briquette. This process progresses differently for different materials. Therefore, the optimal selection of process’ parameters is very difficult. It is necessary to use a decision support tool—decision support system (DSS). The purpose of the work was to develop a decision support system that would indicate the optimal parameters for conducting the process of producing Miscanthus and willow briquettes (pre-comminution, milling and briquetting), briquette parameters (durability and specific density) and total energy consumption based on process simulation. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) were used to describe the relationship between individual parameters of the briquette production process. DSS has the form of a web application and is opened from a web browser (it is possible to open it on various types of devices). The modular design allows the modification and expansion the application in the future.

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Determination of Particle Size and Distribution through Image-Based Macroscopic Analysis of the Structure of Biomass Briquettes

Cited by 35 publications

References 55 publications

An Overview of Recent Developments in Biomass Pyrolysis Technologies

An Overview of Recent Developments in Biomass Pyrolysis Technologies

Estimation of Energy Requirement of Jatropha Curcas L. Seedcake Briquettes under Compression Loading

Decision Support System for the Production of Miscanthus and Willow Briquettes

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