Determination of PCDDs and PCDFs in soil samples from Salzburg, Austria

Boos, R.; Himsl, A.; Wurst, Friedrich Martin; Prey, Theodor; Scheidl, Katharina S.; Sperka, G.; Glaser, Otto

doi:10.1016/0045-6535(92)90544-2

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The relatively low levels of the WHO-TEQ data meant that the pollution of PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs in main area of the studied district was not obvious, yet the WHO-TEQ of the S-7 soil sample was somewhat higher than the recommended value in soil, which is <5 pg g −1 [29]. In contrast with PCDD/Fs, the WHO-TEQ levels for dioxin-like PCBs in soil samples of background investigation were only 10% or less of total WHO-TEQ except for sample S-7.…”

Section: Who-teq Concentrations In Soil Samplesmentioning

confidence: 80%

Distribution of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDDs/Fs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dioxin-like PCBs) in the soil in a typical area of eastern China

Liu

2009

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Section: Who-teq Concentrations In Soil Samplesmentioning

confidence: 80%

Distribution of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDDs/Fs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dioxin-like PCBs) in the soil in a typical area of eastern China

Liu

2009

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…This analysis focuses on source data obtained from facilities within Washington state. However some source information from Washington state was not available so additional data was obtained from literature (5,14,(28)(29). Source data for Washington state was obtained from the Washington State Dioxin Source Assessment (31).…”

Section: Data Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Background levels of dioxins in soils have been determined for a variety of countries, such as Germany (4), Austria (5), and the United Kingdom (6,7), but within the United States this information is lacking. Although there have been studies that have included background soil samples for comparisons, the bulk of these investigations were associated with known dioxin sources and areas of contamination in the United States.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Typical Dioxin Concentrations in Agriculture Soils of Washington State and Potential Sources

Rogowski

Yake

2005

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Background or typical levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-furans in soils have become increasingly important in the regulatory community, as dioxins have come under increased scrutiny due to their toxicity and persistence. Knowing the typical levels of dioxin in soils is important to set regulatory levels, to prevent further contamination, and for setting cleanup levels. A random sample (n=54) of agricultural lands within Washington state revealed a typical concentration of "dioxin" of 0.14 ng/kg (toxicity equivalents, TEQ). For a comparison, residential urban areas, forested, and open areas were also investigated on a smaller scale (n=14, 8, and 8, respectively) with typical dioxin values of 4.1, 2.3, and 1.0 ng/kg (TEQs), respectively. A discriminant function analysis was used to examine soil dioxin profiles and associations with potential known dioxin sources in Washington state. Soil sample dioxin profiles could not be discriminated from those of biosolids and pentachlorophenol products.

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“…In an attempt to minimize bias, several soil dioxin studies have reported data with ND = 0.5DL [23,[33][34][35]. Similarly, USEPA has recommended employing 0.5 DL for ND compounds in their risk assessment guidance for combustion facilities [36].…”

Section: Nd Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of toxic equivalency factor scheme and method for treating non‐detect values on soil dioxin levels

Delistraty

Laflamme

2001

Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of four toxic equivalency factor (TEF) schemes (i.e., human/mammalian [Tl, T2], fish [T3], bird [T4]) and three substitution methods for treating non-detect (ND) data (i.e., ND = 0 [Nl], ND = 0.5 DL [N2], ND = DL [N3] where DL = detection limit) on polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (PCDD) and dibenzofuran (PCDF) toxic equivalent (TEQ) concentrations in agricultural soils in Washington state (USA). Soil TEQs (n = 54) were determined for 12 combinations of TEF and ND levels and log-transformed for statistical analysis. Significant bivariate correlations (Bonferroni p < .05) were observed for TEQ among all TEF levels within each ND level and between N2 and N3 within and among TEF levels. A two-factor ANOVA demonstrated significant effects (p < .0001) for TEF, ND, and their interaction. Mean TEQ at T3 was significantly lower (p < .05) than other TEF levels at Nl, whereas mean TEQ at T4 was significantly higher (p < .05) than Tl both at N2 and N3. Mean TEQs at all ND levels differed significantly (p < .05) at each TEF level with Nl < N2 < N3. These results illustrate that TEF and ND methods can notably impact calculations for low concentrations of soil dioxin.

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Determination of PCDDs and PCDFs in soil samples from Salzburg, Austria

Cited by 17 publications

References 4 publications

Distribution of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDDs/Fs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dioxin-like PCBs) in the soil in a typical area of eastern China

Distribution of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDDs/Fs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dioxin-like PCBs) in the soil in a typical area of eastern China

Typical Dioxin Concentrations in Agriculture Soils of Washington State and Potential Sources

Influence of toxic equivalency factor scheme and method for treating non‐detect values on soil dioxin levels

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