Determination of phthalate ester plasticizers in the aquatic environment of Southwestern Nigeria

Fatoki, Olalekan S; Ogunfowokan, A. O.

doi:10.1016/0160-4120(93)90314-8

Cited by 60 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…At environmental concentration levels [11,25], the adsorption of DEHP at air-water interfaces can be expected to be most significant when compared with that of the lower-molecular-weight phthalates. Because surface excess concentration increases with increasing temperature, in contrast to the corresponding water solubility, we can expect to observe a similar, seasonal variation in natural surface water.…”

Section: Impacts On the Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solubilities and surface activities of phthalates investigated by surface tension measurements

Thomsen¹,

Carlsen²,

Hvidt³

2001

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Aqueous solutions of DEP (di-ethyl), DnBP (di-n-butyl), DnH(6)P (di-n-hexyl), and DEHP (di-[2-ethyl-hexyl]) phthalates have been investigated by use of surface tension measurements at temperatures between 10 and 35 degrees C. A tensiometric approach allows for the determination of unimeric solubilities and delta G degree, which is the standard Gibbs free energy change, for the dissolution of phthalates in water. The unimeric solubility of the phthalates increase with decreasing temperature. The delta G degree shows a linear increase with increasing phthalate alkyl chain length. The contribution of enthalpy (delta H degree) and entropy (delta S degree) to delta G degree were calculated from the temperature-dependent solubilities. The contributions of both delta H degree and delta S degree are negative and increase in magnitude with increasing alkyl chain length, suggesting hydrophobic interactions between phthalates and water. The ability of different phthalates to lower the surface tension decreases with increasing alkyl chain length, whereas the relative affinity for adsorption in the air-water interface increases drastically for long-chain phthalates. Despite the low surface activity of phthalates compared with that of common surfactants, they show significant affinity for adsorption in air-water interfaces of natural surface waters. This property, combined with their low solubilities, may affect the fate of these compounds within the natural environment, because they form emulsions above unimeric saturation in aqueous media.

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Section: Impacts On the Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solubilities and surface activities of phthalates investigated by surface tension measurements

Thomsen¹,

Carlsen²,

Hvidt³

2001

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…Similar to other organic contaminants, EDCs are not been monitored in the freshwater systems to the best of our knowledge until recently when levels and the distribution pattern of phthalate esters were reported in some water samples from south western Nigeria. Fatoki and Ogunfowokan (1993) reported PAEs concentrations in the river and tap water in the south western Nigeria. Water samples from the Lagos, Oyo, Osun, Ondo, and Delta states of Nigeria and the cities' water treatment plants were analyzed for the presence of phthalate esters.…”

Section: Wwwintechopencommentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Water Quality Monitoring in Nigeria: Situational Analysis and Future Management Strategy

Taiwo¹,

Olujimi²,

Bamgbose³

et al. 2012

Water Quality Monitoring and Assessment

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“…Dicarboxylic acid derivatives are refractory organic compounds that are widely used in the manufacture of industrial chemicals (Staples et al 1997) and these derivatives have become widespread in the environment (Atlas & Giam 1981;Fatoki & Ogunfowokan 1993;Hartmanen & Abring 2002;Shelton et al 1984). The widespread distribution of the dicarboxylic acid wastes in the environment raises concern about their toxicological effects on the living organisms (Alatriste- Mondragon et al 2003;Sharpe 1998;USEPA 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immobilized cell reactors in mineralization of dicarboxylic acid solid waste

et al. 2006

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Dicarboxylic acid solid waste containing phthalic acid, malic acid, quinone, saturated and unsaturated dicarboxylic esters etc., are discharged in huge quantities during the crackdown of benzene over the catalyst vanadium at temperatures greater than 500 degrees C in a dicarboxylic acid manufacturing industry. Concern over the biological effects of these compounds underlines the necessity to treat this solid waste. The role of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and anaerobic mixed bacterial cultures immobilized in activated carbon, in sequential two stage anoxic reactors, were investigated for the degradation of dicarboxylic acid solid waste (DASW). In the first stage, DASW was dissolved in water to yield a concentration of 0.5% w/v and was treated in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae immobilized reactor at an optimum residence time of 24 h. The yeast fermented samples were further treated in an upflow anaerobic reactor containing mixed culture immobilized in activated carbon at an Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) of 0.2076 days at an hydraulic flow rate of 14.6x10(-3 )m(3)/day and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) loading rate of 4.3 kg/m(3)/day. The intermediates that were formed during the yeast fermentation and the anaerobic degradation of DASW were characterized by HPLC, proton NMR, C(13) NMR and mass spectrometry.

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Determination of phthalate ester plasticizers in the aquatic environment of Southwestern Nigeria

Cited by 60 publications

References 12 publications

Solubilities and surface activities of phthalates investigated by surface tension measurements

Solubilities and surface activities of phthalates investigated by surface tension measurements

Surface Water Quality Monitoring in Nigeria: Situational Analysis and Future Management Strategy

Immobilized cell reactors in mineralization of dicarboxylic acid solid waste

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