Determination of phthalates in bottled waters using solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

Quantitative determination of Phthalate esters and Bisphenol-A residues in wastewater treatment plants outflow in Saudi Arabia: gas chromatography/mass spectrometry-based analytical study

“…A CombiPAL autosampler with a cooler tray, a 32sample tray, a temperature controller, an SPME fiber holder, and a 20-ml-vial agitator was provided for the GC-MS. The A 65 μm PDMS/DVB fiber was chosen based on the recommendation of Carrillo et al [17] and Alshehri et al [18]. The temperature of the GC oven was set to rise at a rate of 10 ° C/ minute from 80 ° C (kept for 0.5 minute) to 220 ° C, then to 290 ° C at 30 ° C (held for 4 minutes).…”

Drinking Water Systems as a Cocktail of Emerging Organic Contaminants: Occurrence, Public Health Risks, and Research Needs

“…Numerous studies have reported the presence of plasticizers in DWS, especially bottled water (Table 3) [70][71][72]74]. An example is a study in Saudi Arabia, which detected dialkyl phthalates (e.g., dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, diisopropyl phthalate, diisobutyl phthalate, di-n-butyl phthalate and di-ethylhexyl phthalate) in bottled water, at concentrations in the range of 6.3-112.2 ng mL −1 , and dibutyl, di-n-octyl-phthalate, and di-2-ethylhexyl were at a total phthalate concentration ranging from 8.1 to 19.8 g/L [71,72]. Despite the limited studies, LICs have also reported plasticizers in bottled water, indicating that this is not just a concern in developed countries.…”

Multivariate optimization and validation of 200 pesticide residues in the banana matrix by GC-MS/MS

“…6,8,9 In view of this, it is critical to emphasize that use of the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode and electron impact ionization shortens the time of chromatographic analysis or separation and even improves the signal-to-noise ratios (S/N) thereby improving specicity and sensitivity. 9,10 Determination of pesticide residues at trace levels in food matrices is challenging due to a host of factors. These include the physicochemical features of the pesticides being estimated as well as the voluminous quantity of interferents which can lead to adverse outcomes post chromatography.…”

“…These include the physicochemical features of the pesticides being estimated as well as the voluminous quantity of interferents which can lead to adverse outcomes post chromatography. 1,4,11,12 Over the last few years numerous procedures involving Solid Liquid Extraction (SLE), 12 Solid Phase Extraction (SPE), 12 Matrix Solid-Phase Dispersion (MSPD), 12 Solid-Phase Micro Extraction (SPME), 12 Pressurized Liquid Extraction (PLE), 12 Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction (SBSE) 12 and Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) 10 have been developed and employed for extraction and clean-up, for residual pesticide analysis in fruits. 10 Although these techniques have been proven to be quite effective, some of them used large amounts of solvents whereas some had high run times making these studies difficult to perform when extraction of a small range of pesticides was needed, or sometimes when multi-residue analysis 7,10 was to be carried out.…”

“…6,8,9 In view of this, it is critical to emphasize that use of the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode and electron impact ionization shortens the time of chromatographic analysis or separation and even improves the signal-to-noise ratios (S/N) thereby improving specificity and sensitivity. 9,10…”