Determination of Phthalates into Vegetable Oils by Isotopic Dilution Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

Ierapetritis, Ioannis; Lioupis, Alexandros; Lampi, Eugenia

doi:10.1007/s12161-013-9770-x

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The HP‐5MS UI (30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 μm) column was chosen for the separation of 16 PAEs . Figure shows the total ion chromatography of the 16 PAEs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SPME is suitable for the analysis of PAEs in water , but it appears not applicable to alcoholic samples because the PAEs are very soluble in ethanol and lead to poor extraction efficiency. As a consequence, accuracy of the analytical methods is compromised . Gel permeation chromatography is often used for the fatty food to remove fat before chromatographic analysis .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of phthalate esters in Chinese spirits using isotope dilution gas chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2015

J of Separation Science

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Phthalate esters are additives used in polyvinylchloride and are found as contaminants in many food products. An isotope dilution mass spectrometry technique has been developed for accurate analysis of 16 phthalate esters in Chinese spirits by adopting the 16 corresponding isotope-labeled phthalate esters. The ethanol in the spirit sample was first removed by heating with a water bath at 100°C with a stream of nitrogen, after which the residue was extracted with n-hexane twice. The phthalates collected were identified and quantified by gas chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry in multiple reaction monitoring mode. The spiking recoveries of 16 analytes ranged from 94.3 to 105.3% with relative standard deviation values of <6.5%. The detection limits for 16 analytes were <10.0 ng/g. The expanded relative uncertainties were from 3.0 to 14%. A survey was performed on Chinese spirits from the market. Six of the nine analyzed samples were contaminated by phthalates. Di-n-butyl phthalate and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate showed higher detection frequency and concentrations. This isotope dilution gas chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method is simple, rapid, accurate, and highly sensitive, which qualifies as a candidate reference method for the determination of phthalates in spirits.

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“…The HP‐5MS UI (30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 μm) column was chosen for the separation of 16 PAEs . Figure shows the total ion chromatography of the 16 PAEs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of phthalate esters in Chinese spirits using isotope dilution gas chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2015

J of Separation Science

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“…Stir well and wait for 1.5-2 h to ensure the gel completely solidifies. 4. Analyze the results of the cycle optimization: combine 1 µL of each PCR product with 5 µL of RNA loading buffer (62.5% formamide, 0.4 M formaldehyde, 1.25×3-(N-morpholino) propansulfonic acid buffer, 0.02% xylene cyanol FF, 0.02% bromophenol blue), and 4 µL of RNase-free water; heat the mixture at 95 °C for 10 min, and quickly cool it to 0 °C on ice; incubate for 5 min at room temperature; load into 5 separate wells of the 12% denatured PAGE; run electrophoresis by a vertical electrophoresis system in 1 × TBE buffer at 170 V for 45 min.…”

Section: Selexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the most toxic POPs include polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polybrominated biphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDFs), and phthalic acid esters (PAEs) 1,2 , which all consist of many congeners. Small molecule detection has been mainly performed by chromatography/mass spectrometry-based techniques due to their diversity of applications 3,4,5,6 . For on-site detections, antibody-based methods have recently been developed 7,8,9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phthalic Acid Ester-Binding DNA Aptamer Selection, Characterization, and Application to an Electrochemical Aptasensor

Diao

et al. 2018

JoVE

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Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) areone of the major groups of persistent organic pollutants. The group-specific detection of PAEs is highly desired due to the rapid growing of congeners. DNA aptamers have been increasingly applied as recognition elements on biosensor platforms, but selecting aptamers toward highly hydrophobic small molecule targets, such as PAEs, is rarely reported. This work describes a bead-based method designed to select group-specific DNA aptamers to PAEs. The amino group functionalized dibutyl phthalate (DBP-NH2) as the anchor target was synthesized and immobilized on the epoxy-activated agarose beads, allowing the display of the phthalic ester group at the surface of the immobilization matrix, and therefore the selection of the group-specific binders. We determined the dissociation constants of the aptamer candidates by quantitative polymerization chain reaction coupled with magnetic separation. The relative affinities and selectivity of the aptamers to other PAEs were determined by the competitive assays, where the aptamer candidates were pre-bounded to the DBP-NH2 attached magnetic beads and released to the supernatant upon incubation with the tested PAEs or other potential interfering substances. The competitive assay was applied because it provided a facile affinity comparison among PAEs that had no functional groups for surface immobilization. Finally, we demonstrated the fabrication of an electrochemical aptasensor and used it for ultrasensitive and selective detection of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. This protocol provides insights for the aptamer discovery of other hydrophobic small molecules.

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“…The most popular methods for PAEs detection are based on chromatography. [16][17][18][19][20][21] These chromatographic-based methods are sensitive, high-throughput and accurate. However, due to the relatively low concentration level of PAEs and the interference of coexistence, direct analysis of PAEs remains a great challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Preparation of Hydrophilic‐Bifunctional‐Groups Modified Magnetic Microspheres as a Novel Matrix for Detection of Phthalate Esters from Human Plasma Samples

Yan

Gao

et al. 2018

ChemistrySelect

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A novel hydrophilic magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) sorbent with imidazole‐based ionic liquid and adenosine tri‐phosphate (ATP) as bifunctional groups, polydopamine (PDA) as an intermediate layer, Fe3O4 as a magnetic core (Fe3O4@PDA‐ATP@IL) was prepared and applied for selective extraction of phthalic acid esters (PAEs). The resultant Fe3O4@PDA‐ATP@IL performed strong paramagnetic response, excellent water dispersibility, high capacity and selectivity toward PAEs. This strategy exhibited wide linearity (50‐8000 ng/mL), low limit of detection (0.02‐0.80 ng/mL), good recovery (92.3‐105.3%) and good precision (intra‐day RSDs less than 4.8%, inter‐day RSDs less than 6.7%). More encouragingly, under the optimized conditions, the prepared microspheres were applied to analyze nine PAEs in human plasma samples and achieved satisfactory results. The proposed method may open new avenues for analysis of aromatic chemicals in real samples.

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Determination of Phthalates into Vegetable Oils by Isotopic Dilution Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

Cited by 23 publications

References 16 publications

Determination of phthalate esters in Chinese spirits using isotope dilution gas chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry

Determination of phthalate esters in Chinese spirits using isotope dilution gas chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry

Phthalic Acid Ester-Binding DNA Aptamer Selection, Characterization, and Application to an Electrochemical Aptasensor

Facile Preparation of Hydrophilic‐Bifunctional‐Groups Modified Magnetic Microspheres as a Novel Matrix for Detection of Phthalate Esters from Human Plasma Samples

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