Determination of polychlorinated dibenzo‐p‐dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans, and dioxin‐like polychlorinated biphenyls in human serum using programmable‐temperature vaporization gas chromatography with high‐resolution mass spectrometry

Abstract

The determination of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans, and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls in blood from a non-occupational population is essential for the investigation of adverse health effects from these pollutants. In this study, a sensitive method based on programmable-temperature vaporization with large-volume injection coupled with gas chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry was developed to determine these pollutants in 1-2 mL of human serum samples. Various key parameters of programmable-temperature vaporization injector, including vent temperature, vent time, vent flow, transfer temperature and transfer time were optimized by factorial design. The accuracy and precision as well as applicability were assessed by determining polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans, and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls in calibration standard solutions, standard reference materials and real human serum samples from non-occupational population. The method detection limits of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans, and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls were 1.5-9.0 and 0.005-0.02 ng/kg wet weight, respectively. By comparing with typically splitless injection, the application of programmable-temperature vaporization injector could effectively lead to higher detectable rate of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans, and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls in 1-2 mL of human serum samples.

Benchmark Dose for Dioxin Based on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Using Coexposure Statistical Methods and an Optimized Physiologically Based Toxicokinetic Model

“…The study analyzed 17 polychlorinated dibenzo- p -dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), 12 dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs), including four non-ortho PCBs and eight mono-ortho PCBs, five non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (ndl-PCBs), 10 perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs), and seven polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). The detection of chemicals in maternal whole blood samples and detailed lists of chemicals was carried out using high-resolution gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS), as previously described. − Toxic equivalent (TEQ) values for PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs were calculated using the WHO2005-TEF values (pg TEQ/g fat) . In addition, serum total cholesterol and triglycerides were measured using an automatic biochemistry analyzer, and the total serum lipids were estimated using the following formula: total lipids (mg/dL) = 2.2 × cholesterol + triglycerides + 62.3.…”

Relative Effect Potency Estimates for Dioxin-Like Compounds in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Blood Glucose Outcomes Based on a Nested Case-control Study

“…Serum samples from 77 GDM cases and 154 pair-matched controls were selected to measure 17 PCDD/Fs and 12 DL-PCBs, as designated by the WHO. The method for measuring these DLC congeners in serum samples is described elsewhere . In brief, each thawed serum sample (about 2 mL) was spiked with 13 C-labeled internal standards (EPA1613-LCS and P48–W-ES, Wellington Laboratories Inc., Ontario, Canada) and then mixed with 15 g of diatomite.…”

“…The method for measuring these DLC congeners in serum samples is described elsewhere. 12 In brief, each thawed serum sample (about 2 mL) was spiked with 13 C-labeled internal standards (EPA1613-LCS and P48−W-ES, Wellington Laboratories Inc., Ontario, Canada) and then mixed with 15 g of diatomite. The analytes in mixture were extracted by Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE) 350 (ThermoScientific, Sunnyvale, CA).…”