Determination of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzo-furans in solid residues from wood combustion by HRGC/HRMS

Wunderli, Samuel; Zennegg, Markus; Dolezal, Ivan Samuel; Gujer, Erika; Moser, U.; Wolfensberger, Max; Hasler, P.; Noger, Dominik; Studer, Christoph; Karlaganis, Georg

doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(99)00332-x

Cited by 43 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It was found that PCDD concentrations increased with increasing number of chlorinated substitutes in Furnaces 1 and 2, whereas the concentration of PCDFs was elevated for the lower chlorinated congeners (tetra-and penta-) except for the OCDF congeners. These results are very similar to those of some previous studies, in which OCDD and OCDF dominated in PCDD/Fs in bottom ash from burning native and waste woods (Oehme and Müller, 1995;Wunderli et al, 2000).…”

Section: Pcdd/fs In the Residues From Burned Joss Papersupporting

confidence: 92%

Characteristics of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins/Dibenzofuran from Joss Paper Burned in Taiwanese Temples

Chen

Lai

et al. 2009

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Two types of furnaces (a mid-size furnace denoted as Furnace 1 and a small-size one denoted as Furnace 2) commonly used for burning joss paper, located in two temples in southern Taiwan, were selected for this study. With similar burning devices (semi-open systems), both furnaces can be used to burn joss paper with the aid of natural air supply through the inlets of furnace. In order to characterize peak emission of PCDD/Fs (usually on festival days) in the selected temples, the sampling campaigns were conducted during the festival period in September 2008. It was found that the mean total I-TEQ contents in the original (unburned) joss paper from Furnaces 1 and 2 were 1.41 and 4.51 ng I-TEQ/kg, respectively. The mean total I-TEQ content in the residue of burned joss paper from Furnace 1 (7.97 ng I-TEQ/kg) was approximately 15-fold that of Furnace 2 (0.490 ng I-TEQ/kg). OCDD was the most abundant congener in the joss paper and in the residues from burned joss paper. Moreover, the emission factor of total PCDD/Fs I-TEQ content of Furnace 1 (0.176 ng I-TEQ/g-feedstock) was one to two orders of magnitude higher than that of Furnace 2 (0.0203 I-TEQ/g-feedstock). This phenomenon is probably associated with the high chlorine content in the unburned joss paper of Furnace 1, and high exhaust temperature from burning joss paper in Furnace 1 (271°C) was possibly within a range that might highly promote de novo formation of PCDD/Fs. It is necessary for the investigated furnaces to install air pollution control devices in order to reduce the PCDD/F emission from joss paper burning.

show abstract

Section: Pcdd/fs In the Residues From Burned Joss Papersupporting

confidence: 92%

Characteristics of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins/Dibenzofuran from Joss Paper Burned in Taiwanese Temples

Chen

Lai

et al. 2009

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the feeding woodchips, the PCDF/PCDD ratio was smaller than 1, but after the combustion, the PCDF/PCDD ratio in bottom residues, cyclone ashes and bag filter ashes were all larger than 1, revealing combustion of woodchips in the boiler system would be more favorable for the formations of PCDFs by the de novo syntheses. Wunderli et al (2000) reported the solid residues from the incineration of native wood are below 10 ng I-TEQ/kg. Nevertheless, the fly ashes from the cyclone of the salt-laden wood steam boilers could reach 97.8-20900 ng I-TEQ/kg (Luthe et al, 1998).…”

Section: Pcdd/f Contents (Concentrations) In the Feeding Woodchips Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, the fly ashes from the cyclone of the salt-laden wood steam boilers could reach 97.8-20900 ng I-TEQ/kg (Luthe et al, 1998). The degree of carbon burnout (Wunderli et al, 2000), contamination levels (chlorine, copper and chlorinated organics contents) in the feeding wood (Tame et al, 2007), combustion conditions and temperature trends of the flue gases are influential factors affecting the PCDD/F contents in the ashes.…”

Section: Pcdd/f Contents (Concentrations) In the Feeding Woodchips Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally speaking, three kinds of wood have been investigated for their emitted PCDD/F characteristics during power or heat productions (Wunderli et al, 2000), including waste wood (wood from construction activities and house demolition, impregnated wood and salt-laden wood) (Luthe et al, 1998;Wunderli et al, 2000), residual wood products (wood products which have been processed such as chipboard and wood dust from machining) (Sinkkonen et al, 1995) and nature wood (wood without any treatment, including saw dust, shavings and bark) (Schatowitz et al, 1994;Wunderli et al, 2000). Waste and residual wood often containing various types of contaminants such as chromated copper arsenate, pentachlorophenol, creosote, adhesives, paint, PVC and other surface coatings, could lead to higher emissions of PCDD/Fs, PAHs and metals (Lavric et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The solid residues (bottom residues and fly ashes) from wood combustion can be reutilized as soil improvement material, in construction of roads and as supplementary material such as concrete production or filler material or must be disposed of in waste dumps (Sinkkonen et al, 1995;Wunderli et al, 2000). PCDD/F contents in the multicyclone ashes of the salt-laden wood steam boilers could range from 0.0978 to 20.9 ng I-TEQ/g (Luthe et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Fate and Distribution of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans in a Woodchip-fuelled Boiler

Chen

Shen

Hsieh

et al. 2011

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As yet, very little is known about the PCDD/F fate and distribution in the woodchip-fuelled boilers. In this study, the feeding woodchips, stack flue gases and the ashes in different units of a woodchip-fuelled boiler are sampled to investigate their PCDD/F characteristics. The PCDD/F contents in the bottom residues and fly ashes ranged from 18.9 to 66.3 ng I-TEQ/kg, which are below the Taiwanese PCDD/F regulation for reutilization of bottom residues, but still higher than PCDD/F limitations on soils for agricultural use (10 ng I-TEQ/kg), which are adopted by several countries. From the PCDD/F output/input ratios, we found that combustion of woodchips in the boiler system is more favourable for the formations of PCDFs by de novo syntheses, especially for lower chlorinated PCDF congeners. Although about half of the input PCDD/Fs mass are destroyed in the combustion, the output PCDD/Fs toxicity are 6.9 times higher than the inputs. Fly ashes exhibited the highest PCDD/F distributions among the woodchip-fuelled boiler. Still 21.4% of total PCDD/F mass and 18.0% of total PCDD/F toxicity were emitted from the stack flue gases due to the lack of control devices for gaseous phase PCDD/Fs. Decreasing de novo syntheses among the boiler systems, deploying control devices for gaseous phase PCDD/Fs, and proper management on the reutilization of fly ashes will ensure woodchip-fuelled boilers as a sustainable and renewable biomass energy.

show abstract

ToF‐SIMS investigation of ancient ceramics from the Quartaia Site, Tuscany (Italy)

Tognazzi

Dattilo

Bracchini

et al. 2011

Surface & Interface Analysis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The study of ancient ceramic fragments provides important information about the production technology that characterized a certain civilization. In this work, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), atomic absorption spectroscopy(AAS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to study two types of ceramics having different impasto (depurata and non-depurata ceramics). Ancient fragments, belonging to the archeological site of Quartaia (Tuscany, Italy), were examined to obtain chemical and spatial information on inorganic and organic components. The results revealed the presence of the major elements, i.e. Al, Mg, Na, K, Ca, Si, Fe; minor elements, i.e. Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb; and organic components adsorbed during the firing process, both in depurata and non-depurata ceramics. In addition, through ToF-SIMS imaging, it was possible to highlight inorganic components, i.e. Na, Ca, Fe, K and Mg, that showed an inhomogeneous spatial distribution in non-depurata ceramics. These chemical elements appear to be concentrated inside the inclusions of the non-depurata ceramics impasto. These unique results demonstrated that ToF-SIMS is a potential tool to reveal important aspects of the Quartaia ceramic production technology and it results in a very promising technique for the archeological studies

show abstract

Determination of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzo-furans in solid residues from wood combustion by HRGC/HRMS

Cited by 43 publications

References 7 publications

Characteristics of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins/Dibenzofuran from Joss Paper Burned in Taiwanese Temples

Characteristics of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins/Dibenzofuran from Joss Paper Burned in Taiwanese Temples

Fate and Distribution of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans in a Woodchip-fuelled Boiler

ToF‐SIMS investigation of ancient ceramics from the Quartaia Site, Tuscany (Italy)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About