Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil and Bottom Sediments by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Using Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction

Темердашев, З. А.; Musorina, T. N.; Chervonnaya, T. A.

doi:10.1134/s1061934820080158

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Moreover, the extractant phase was not separated in the case of dichloromethane. Satisfactory analyte recoveries were achieved by using chloroform, which agreed with the results of our previous study, i.e., the application of DLLME for the extraction of PAHs from soils and bottom sediments [ 38 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The combination of DLLME with GC-MS is the simplest option, because chloroform can be directly injected into GC-MS after centrifugation. Previously optimized conditions of the GC-MS detection of PAHs in soils [ 38 ] were used in this work. The separation of isomeric pairs, such as phenanthrene/anthracene, chrysene/triphenylene/benz[a]anthracene, benz[b]fluoranthene/benz[k]fluoranthene and benz[a]pyrene/benz[e]pyrene, was achieved by using the temperature program: from 60 °C to 290 °C at the three stages on a specialized capillary column ( Figure 5 a).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To avoid these shortcomings, it is necessary to conduct a supplementary investigation and develop a conventional DLLME procedure for efficient extraction of PAHs from water samples. The combination of chlorinated solvents and conventional dispersive agents, such as acetone and acetonitrile, provides high extraction efficiency of individual PAHs, e.g., 96% for naphthalene group PAHs, 98% for PAHs with three and four aromatic rings and 95% for PAHs containing more than four aromatic rings [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ]. However, the behavior of co-existing PAHs with diverse molecular weights in the extraction procedures with conventional solvents was not discussed in these works.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simultaneous Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction and Determination of Different Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Surface Water

et al. 2022

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of persistent organic pollutants of water, and their determination at trace levels in the aquatic ecosystems is essential. In this work, an ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) procedure was suggested utilizing a binary dispersive agent for recovery of different molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from waters. The detection was carried out by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) as well as high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence and diode-array detection (HPLC-FD/PDA). The method was optimized for the extraction of analytes with respect to the mixture composition, ratios of components, ultrasonication time and centrifugation parameters. The analytical schemes for PAHs extraction from water samples using different ratios of extraction and dispersive solvents are reported. The mixture consisting of chloroform and methanol was applied for the extraction of PAHs containing two or three fused aromatic rings; the mixture of chloroform and acetonitrile is suitable for PAHs containing more than four aromatic rings. The mixture of chloroform:acetone + acetonitrile was applied in the universal scheme and allowed for the simultaneous extraction of 20 PAHs with different structures. The developed sample preparation schemes were combined with GC-MS and HPLC-FD/PDA, which allowed us to determine the analytes at low concentrations (from 0.0002 µg/L) with the recoveries exceeding 80% and relative standard deviations of about 8%. The developed methods for the determination of 20 PAHs were applied to the analysis of water samples from the Karasun Lake (Krasnodar), Azov Sea (Temryuk) and Black Sea (Sochi).

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simultaneous Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction and Determination of Different Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Surface Water

et al. 2022

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“…However, this method suffers from several drawbacks, such as long extraction time, excessive amount of extractant, no stirring to accelerate the reaction, and tendency to lead to thermal degradation of analytes. In recent years, there have been significant advances in extraction techniques for organic contaminants in soil media, including ultrasonic extraction [23][24][25][26], solid-phase microextraction (SPME) [27,28], mechanical oscillation extraction [29,30], pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) [31], accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) [32,33], and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) methods [34][35][36]. For example, ultrasonic extraction utilizes the force of fluctuations to efficiently extract analytes into the solvent, which reduces the consumption of organic solvents and improves efficiency [37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of Extraction Efficiency and Metabolites of Pollutants from Medium and Low Concentration Organic Polluted Soil

Bai,

Song,

Guo

et al. 2024

SEE

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Article Improvement of Extraction Efficiency and Metabolites of Pollutants from Medium and Low Concentration Organic Polluted Soil Xiaojuan Bai 1,2,*, Wei Song 2, Linlong Guo 2, Rujiao Liu 2, Yihan Cao 2, Pin Jin 2, Bowen Zhu 1,2 and Xiaoran Zhang 1,2 1 Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China 2 Beijing Energy Conservation & Sustainable Urban and Rural Development Provincial and Ministry Co-Construction Collaboration Innovation Center, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China * Correspondence: baixiaojuan@bucea.edu.cn or heixia.1986@163.com Received: 6 February 2024; Revised: 11 March 2024; Accepted: 8 April 2024; Published: 15 April 2024 Abstract: Industrial development has accelerated soil contamination by organic pollutants, posing a major threat to global ecosystems and human health. Natural attenuation techniques, renowned for their environmental compatibility and cost-effectiveness, have garnered widespread attention for the remediation of environmental pollution. In this work, we have successfully enhanced the natural attenuation process of organic contaminants in soil by employing biostimulation and bioaugmentation methods to remove pollutants. The results showed that the degradation rate of low molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) reached about 82.5% while medium molecular weight PAHs was about 43.72%, as well as high molecular weight PAHs was about 34.5% even after a remediation process of only 14 days. In addition, the biofortified soil was exhaustively analyzed by high-throughput sequencing, which showed that the dosing of bactericide and surfactants significantly increased the abundance of 16sRNA genes and alkane degradation-related genes. In response to the challenges of detecting and analyzing complex organic pollutants in soil, we have developed an integrated method for the extraction, purification, and detection of organic pollutants in soil, ranging from low to medium concentrations. This approach not only allows for the efficient extraction of organic pollutants from the soil but also facilitates further inference of the degradation mechanisms of these pollutants. Integrating chemical analysis and microbiological techniques, and employing Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS), we precisely measured and identified organic contaminants in soil and deduced the mechanisms of degradation. These findings are significant for the development of new environmental remediation technologies and strategies, contributing to addressing soil pollution issues exacerbated by industrial activities.

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“…Gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) have been widely used for the detection of PAHs in soil. [17][18][19][20] Temerdasheva et al 21 proposed a method for the preparation of PAHs samples in soil (substrate) by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and successfully determined the contents of 20 PAHs in soil (substrate) by GC-MS with the limits of quantication (LOQs) of 0.2-0.5 mg kg −1 . Nevertheless, these methods have some disadvantages, such as complicated sample preprocessing process, labor-and material-intensive, can not ensure the complete extraction of PAHs, and can not meet the need for dynamic monitoring of soil pollution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative analysis of phenanthrene in soil by fluorescence spectroscopy coupled with the CARS-PLS model

Tang

et al. 2023

RSC Adv.

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Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil and Bottom Sediments by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Using Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction

Cited by 13 publications

References 40 publications

Simultaneous Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction and Determination of Different Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Surface Water

Simultaneous Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction and Determination of Different Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Surface Water

Improvement of Extraction Efficiency and Metabolites of Pollutants from Medium and Low Concentration Organic Polluted Soil

Quantitative analysis of phenanthrene in soil by fluorescence spectroscopy coupled with the CARS-PLS model

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