Determination of Polyphenols in Mentha longifolia and M. piperita Field-Grown and In Vitro Plant Samples Using UPLC-TQ-MS

Abstract

Nine polyphenols in the aerial parts of Mentha longifolia have been separated by chromatographic techniques. Their structures have been confirmed by HPLC/electrospray ionization-MS/MS. The compounds identified included rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid L, dedihydro–salvianolic acid, luteolin–glucuronide, luteolin–diglucuronide, luteolin–glucopyranosyl–rhamnopyranoside, and eriodictyol–glucopyranosyl–rhamnopyranoside. The extracts of M. longifolia and M. piperita field plants, in vitro plants, callus tissues, and cell suspension cultures were profiled, and their polyphenol composition was compared in different tissues and quantified using ultra-performance column liquid chromatography (UPLC)/triple-quadrupole-MS in the selected-ion recording detection mode. Determination of desired compounds was based on calibration curves obtained for standards, which were previously isolated from M. longifolia aerial parts. The UPLC profiles revealed considerable differences in the synthesis of secondary metabolites among samples coming from field plants, in vitro plants, callus tissues, and cell suspension cultures. Plant tissues coming from field cultivation (for both M. piperita and M. longifolia) contained several phenolic compounds (flavonoids and phenolic acids), whereas plants from in vitro conditions, callus tissues, and suspension cultures contained only a few of them. Rosmarinic acid dominated in all of these samples. These results show that under in vitro conditions, the metabolism of phenolics undergoes a fundamental change.

Exploring plant tissue culture to improve the production of phenolic compounds: A review

“…The production of phenolic compounds is the main goal of the vast majority of those studies (Andarwulan and Shetty, 1999;Lozovaya et al, 2000;Santos-Gomes et al, 2003;Gális et al, 2004;Lozovaya et al, 2006;Kouakou et al, 2007;Bairu et al, 2011;Cui et al, 2011;Krzyzanowska et al, 2011;Palacio et al, 2012;Szopa et al, 2013;Siu et al, 2014;Szopa and Ekiert, 2014;Yildirim and Turker, 2014). However, some of them are also focused on the study of the extract's bioactive properties, such as antioxidant (Grzegorczyk et al, 2007;Hakkim et al, 2007;Kovatcheva-Apostolova et al, 2008;Hussein et al, 2010;Amoo et al, 2012;Giri et al, 2012;Khateeb et al, 2012; 16 Barros et al, 2013;Bhagya and Chandrashekar, 2013;Cheniany et al, 2013;Madhu, 2013;Goyali et al, 2014;Lugato et al, 2014;Piątczak et al, 2014;Valdez-Tapia et al, 2014), antimicrobial (Hussein et al, 2010;Ncube te al., 2011;Zhao et al, 2011;Khateeb et al, 2012) and cytotoxic (Skorić et al, 2012) activities.…”

Overview on Mentha and Thymus Polyphenols

“…Its content in M. x piperita L. species (the most studied Mentha species regarding phenolic compounds) was reported as being approximately 30% of the total phenolics [38][39][40][41][42] and even higher in other Mentha species, such as M. aquatica, M. x dalmatica, and M. canadensis L., where this phenolic was reported to account for 3.1, 3.4 and 19.1 mg/g of dry plant (40,46 and 90% of the total phenolics, respectively) [1,34,41]. Rosmarinic acid has also been reported in M. spicata (1.1 mg/g of dry plant) and in M. longifolia, although no content has been estimated for the latter species [1,2,41,47,53].…”

“…[2] Salvianolic acid L (16) M. longifolia [2] Rosmarinic acid glucoside (17) T. vulgaris L. [35] 3'-O-(8''-Z-Caffeoyl)rosmarinic acid (18) T. vulgaris L. [57] Methyl rosmarinate (19) T. vulgaris L. [49] Salvianolic acid I (20)…”

“…Lamiaceae is one important botanical family with about 230 genera, some of which have been used for centuries in traditional medicine. One important Lamiaceae genus, the Mentha, encloses species distributed over the worldwide, with special abundance in temperate regions of Eurasia, Australia and South Africa [1,2]. In general, the plants of this genus growth in distinct environments, although they are preferentially found in damp or wet places.…”

The Impact of Different Cultivation Systems on the Content of Selected Secondary Metabolites and Antioxidant Activity of Carlina acaulis Plant Material

“…Moreover, through proper selection of nutrient components, it is possible to influence plant biomass production and metabolic pathways, which may lead to induction of biosynthesis of specific compounds. However, the contents of some metabolites are often much lower in callus tissues than in those obtained from plants growing in natural conditions [17]. Thus, it is not always possible to obtain equivalent material in in vitro cultures.…”