Determination of Pu isotopes by alpha spectrometry: a review of analytical methodology

Vajda, N.; Kim, Chang-Kyu

doi:10.1007/s10967-009-0342-x

Cited by 61 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…To elute thorium from TEVA Resin, 15 ml 9M hydrochloric acid was added at ~1-2 drops per second. 7 DGA Resin cartridges were placed below each TEVA cartridge. To each stacked TEVA+DGA column 15 ml of 3M HNO 3 -0.1M ascorbic acid-0.02M ferrous nitrate (freshly prepared) was added at 1 drop per second to reduce Pu 4+ to Pu 3+ .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both measurement techniques may require separation of interferences to determine actinide isotopes accurately, depending on the 3 sample matrix and the detection limit required. A variety of online and offline separation techniques have been reported in recent reviews of ICP-MS applications, covering a wide range of matrices (soil, sediment, water, biological and urine samples) [6][7][8]. This paper will focus more specifically on recent developments and progress with regard to environmental matrices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rapid determination of 237Np and Pu isotopes in water by inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry and alpha spectrometry

Maxwell

Culligan

Jones

et al. 2010

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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A new method that allows rapid preconcentration and separation of plutonium and neptunium in water samples was developed for the measurement of 237 Np and Pu isotopes by inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and alpha spectrometry; a hybrid approach. 238 U can interfere with 239 Pu measurement by ICP-MS as 238 UH + mass overlap and 237 Np via peak tailing. The method provide enhanced removal of uranium by separating Pu and Np initially on TEVA Resin, then moving Pu to DGA resin for additional removal of uranium. The decontamination factor for uranium from Pu is almost 100,000 and the decontamination factor for U from Np is greater than 10,000. This method uses stacked extraction chromatography cartridges and vacuum box technology to facilitate rapid separations. Preconcentration is performed using a streamlined calcium phosphate precipitation method. Purified solutions are split between ICP-MS and alpha spectrometry so that long and short-lived Pu isotopes can be measured successfully. The method allows for simultaneous extraction of 20 samples (including QC samples) in 4 to 6 hours, and can also be used for emergency response. 239

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid determination of 237Np and Pu isotopes in water by inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry and alpha spectrometry

Maxwell

Culligan

Jones

et al. 2010

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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“…To develop a protocol that could be suitable also for alpha spectrometry measurement, hydrochloric acid and hydroxylammonium chloride were investigated as eluent, since these reagents are commonly used in protocols for plutonium determination [16]. Three different concentrations (2, 3 and 4 M) of hydrochloric acid and 0.1 M hydroxylammonium chloride in 2 M HCl were studied for Pu elution.…”

Section: Optimization Of Pu Elution On Ch Columnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operational Protocol for Detection of Contamination by Actinides U, Pu and Am in Urine Using Calixarene Columns: From Mineralization to ICP-MS Measurement

Bouvier‐Capely¹,

Legrand²,

Sylvain³

et al. 2017

AJAC

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Individual monitoring of workers exposed to the risk of intake of actinides requires suitable methods for measuring low level of excreted activity. The current protocols used for actinides analysis in bioassay are usually complicated and highly time consuming. In this work, a protocol based on the microwave digestion of urines followed by the separation of actinides using calix[6]arene-based chromatography columns and their measurement by a quadrupole ICP-MS is developed and validated, for the first time, on urine samples containing the three actinides, U, Pu and Am. With this protocol, the total analysis time is about 2 days, including the mineralization of urine and the chromatographic separation of actinides. Detection limits of actinides in urine are determined and compared to those obtained after "dilute and shoot" ICP-MS analysis or after alpha spectrometry measurement.

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“…when it comes to intake of 1 Bq of plutonium by inhalation, assuming the absorption type M, plutonium activity in the urine after 1 day of intake is of the order of 10 -4 Bq [3]). A suitable technique used for this type of measurement of low activity of alpha emitters is alpha spectrometry with silicon semiconductor detectors [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the method for determination of plutonium isotopes in urine samples and its application in a nuclear facility at Otwock

et al. 2015

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Abstract. The studies aimed at determining low activities of alpha radioactive elements are widely recognized as essential for the human health, because of their high radiotoxicity in case of internal contamination. Some groups of workers of nuclear facility at Otwock are potentially exposed to contamination with plutonium isotopes. For this reason, the method for determination of plutonium isotopes has been introduced and validated in Radiation Protection Measurements Laboratory (LPD) of the National Centre for Nuclear Research (NCBJ). In this method the plutonium is isolated from a sample by coprecipitation with phosphates and separated on a AG 1-X2 Resin. After electrodeposition, the sample is measured by alpha spectrometry. Validation was performed in order to assess parameters such as: selectivity, accuracy (trueness and precision) and linearity of the method. The results of plutonium determination in urine samples of persons potentially exposed to internal contamination are presented in this work.

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Determination of Pu isotopes by alpha spectrometry: a review of analytical methodology

Cited by 61 publications

References 87 publications

Rapid determination of 237Np and Pu isotopes in water by inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry and alpha spectrometry

Rapid determination of 237Np and Pu isotopes in water by inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry and alpha spectrometry

Operational Protocol for Detection of Contamination by Actinides U, Pu and Am in Urine Using Calixarene Columns: From Mineralization to ICP-MS Measurement

Validation of the method for determination of plutonium isotopes in urine samples and its application in a nuclear facility at Otwock

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