Determination of pyrethroid residues in herbal tea using temperature-controlled ionic liquid dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction by high performance liquid chromatography

Abstract

A simple and effective method for determining five pyrethroid residues in herbal tea by ultrasound-enhanced temperature-controlled (UETC) ionic liquid dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (IL-DLLME) coupled with high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) was developed. The use of ultrasonication and heating improved the ability of the ionic liquid to extract the analytes. Various parameters that affect the extraction efficiency were investigated and optimized using single factor experiments and response surface design. The optimum conditions of the experiment were 121 µL of [HMIM][PF6] (extraction solvent), 794 µL of acetonitrile (dispersive solvent), a heating temperature of 40°C, a sonication time of 3.6 min and a pH of 2.9. Under optimized conditions, the linearity was in the range of 0.05–5 mg L−1 with correlation coefficients above 0.9993. The limits of detection and quantification were 1.25–1.35 µg L−1 and 5 µg L−1, respectively. The mean recoveries of the five pyrethroids ranged from 74.02% to 109.01%, with RSDs below 9.04%. The proposed method was reliable for the analysis of pyrethroids in Chinese herbal tea.

Anchoring Metallic MoS2 Quantum Dots over MWCNTs for Highly Sensitive Detection of Postharvest Fungicide in Traditional Chinese Medicines

“…To sustain the high yield of TCM production, various pesticides such as insecticide, herbicide, and fungicide have been extensively applied during the planting process, which results in great concerns for the safety of TCMs. 3 − 5 …”

“…With the increasing worldwide acceptance, TCMs not only play an increasing role in global health but also contribute to other sectors including food supplements and food flavoring agents, which cause an expansion of the global TCM market. To sustain the high yield of TCM production, various pesticides such as insecticide, herbicide, and fungicide have been extensively applied during the planting process, which results in great concerns for the safety of TCMs. − …”

Estimation of Lipoyllysine Content in Meat and Its Antioxidative Capacity

“…Then the slopes of the two calibration curves were compared for each of the analytes studied. The matrix effect was evaluated using the following equation 30 where A and B are the slope of calibration curves in matrix and in aqueous solution, respectively.…”

New phases for analytical scale extraction from plants: Current and future trends

“…In addition, the solubility of target analytes in ILs can be optimized by changing the temperature. An ultrasonicassisted temperature-controlled IL-DLLME approach has recently been coupled to HPLC-UV and applied for the determination of pyrethroid residues in herbal teas [16].…”

“…Furthermore, ILs can be exploited for the selective extraction and pre-concentration of toxic exogenous compounds. As already reported, an IL-based SPME and an IL-based in-situ DLLME method have been developed for the extraction of acrylamide from coffee [20,21,32] and an IL-based DLLME approach has been adopted for the selective extraction and determination of pyrethroid residues in herbal teas [16].…”