Determination of Residual 1, 3-Butadiene in Synthetic Resins Containing Butadiene

Tan, Shigeru; Okada, Toshiya

doi:10.3358/shokueishi.22.150

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…(Figure 2). Among these 14 substances, 1,3-butadiene, acrylonitrile, toluene, 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene, ethylbenzene, styrene, isopropylbenzene, and propylbenzene were detected in ABS products in previous studies [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. However, this is the first time that benzene, methylisobutyrate, methylmethacrylate, 1-octene, xylene, and α-methylstyrene have been detected in ABS products.…”

Section: Identification Of Residual Volatile Substancesmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Therefore, unreacted monomers such as 1,3-butadiene [1][2][3], styrene [4][5][6], or acrylonitrile [3,4,7] are usually detected in ABS products. Furthermore, other volatile substances such as toluene, ethylbenzene, isopropylbenzene, propylbenzene [4,6], and 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene [3,8] derived from the solvent, impurities, or side reactions are also detected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Volatile Substances in Polymer Toys Made from Butadiene and Styrene

Abe¹,

Yamaguchi²,

Mutsuga³

et al. 2013

AJAC

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The residual levels and migration behavior of volatile substances were detected using HS-GC/MS for acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) toys, thermoplastic elastomer toys, and rubber toys made from 1,3-butadiene and styrene found on the Japanese market. The maximum residual level of these volatile substances was 2600 μg/g of styrene in ABS toys. In particular, the levels of known carcinogens 1,3-butadiene, benzene, and acrylonitrile are 5.3, 2.5 and 55 μg/g, which are much lower than the EU limit of 0.1%. Furthermore, some volatile substances migrated from ABS toys into water in amounts of 3 -40 ng/mL. Thermoplastic elastomer toys and rubber toys contained these volatile substances at significantly lower levels than ABS toys.

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Section: Identification Of Residual Volatile Substancesmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile Substances in Polymer Toys Made from Butadiene and Styrene

Abe¹,

Yamaguchi²,

Mutsuga³

et al. 2013

AJAC

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“…Several studies are available in literature about the investigation of ABS's suitability for food contact applications. Most of the scientific works deal with the determination of the residual levels or of the migration levels of the unreacted monomers acrylonitrile, 1,3-butadiene and styrene and other volatile substances (Yoshida et al 1979;Tan and Okada 1981;Gilbert and Startin 1982;Startin and Gilbert 1984;Lickly et al 1991;Ohno et al 2002Ohno et al , 2008Ohno and Kawamura 2010;Abe et al 2013). Migration of mineral oil hydrocarbons from ABS into foods has also been studied (Castle et al 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) polymer: swelling effect of food simulants compared to real foods

Guazzotti

Ebert

Gruner

et al. 2021

J Consum Prot Food Saf

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Materials and articles made of acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) intended for contact with food must comply with the requirements of the European Plastic Regulation (EU) 10/2011, which lays down the food simulants and the time/temperature conditions to be applied for migration testing. Previous studies indicated that high concentrations of ethanol at temperatures above ambient may lead to swelling of ABS polymers resulting in increased migration. In this study migration kinetic data for a set of model substances at different temperatures were obtained using both food simulants stipulated in EU regulations and real food (milk, cream and olive oil). At the same time, the extent of polymer swelling was gravimetrically characterized after contact with simulants and different foods tested at several conditions to cover the majority of foreseeable applications of ABS. The obtained results confirmed that the use of high concentrations of ethanol–water, especially at high temperatures, causes the swelling of ABS polymers and results in significantly higher migration values compared to the tested foods as well as Tenax®. None of the real foods studied cause significant swelling of ABS. The widely used simulant 95% (v/v) aqueous ethanol proves not be suitable for compliance testing of ABS under the recommended conditions of Regulation (EU) 10/2011. Swelling of the polymer results in artificially higher diffusion coefficients or lower activation energies of diffusion. Migration prediction using polymer-specific diffusion parameters should therefore be considered to avoid over-conservative risk assessment for food contact materials and articles made of ABS.

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“…ABS and AS are manufactured from the monomers acrylonitrile, styrene, and/or 1,3-butadiene, and unreacted monomers have been detected in food contact materials made from these resins. Furthermore, other volatile substances such as benzene, toluene, 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene, ethylbenzene, isopropylbenzene, and propylbenzene have also been detected in food contact materials made from these resins (Yoshida et al 1979 ; Tan and Okada 1981 ; Gilbert and Startin 1982 ; Startin and Gilbert 1984 ; Tan et al 1989 ; Ohno et al 2002 , 2008 ; Ohno and Kawamura 2010 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of volatile substances in kitchen utensils made from acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene and acrylonitrile–styrene resin in Japan

Abe

Yamaguchi

Mutsuga

et al. 2014

Food Science & Nutrition

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Residual levels of 14 volatile substances, including 1,3-butadiene, acrylonitrile, benzene, ethylbenzene, and styrene, in 30 kitchen utensils made from acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene resin (ABS) and acrylonitrile–styrene resin (AS) such as slicers, picks, cups, and lunch boxes in Japan were simultaneously determined using headspace gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (HS-GC/MS). The maximum residual levels in the ABS and AS samples were found to be 2000 and 2800 μg/g of styrene, respectively. The residual levels of 1,3-butadiene ranged from 0.06 to 1.7 μg/g in ABS, and three of 15 ABS samples exceeded the regulatory limit for this compound as established by the European Union (EU). The residual levels of acrylonitrile ranged from 0.15 to 20 μg/g in ABS and from 19 to 180 μg/g in AS. The levels of this substance in seven ABS and six AS samples exceeded the limit set by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Furthermore, the levels of acrylonitrile in three AS samples exceeded the voluntary standard established by Japanese industries. These results clearly indicate that the residual levels of some volatile compounds are still high in ABS and AS kitchen utensils and further observations are needed.

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Determination of Residual 1, 3-Butadiene in Synthetic Resins Containing Butadiene

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Volatile Substances in Polymer Toys Made from Butadiene and Styrene

Volatile Substances in Polymer Toys Made from Butadiene and Styrene

Migration from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) polymer: swelling effect of food simulants compared to real foods

Survey of volatile substances in kitchen utensils made from acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene and acrylonitrile–styrene resin in Japan

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