Determination of residues of malachite green in finfish by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

Scherpenisse, Peter; Bergwerff, Aldert A.

doi:10.1016/j.aca.2004.08.009

Cited by 96 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Over the years, an increasing number of analytical techniques such as spectrophotometry [6][7][8], high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [9][10][11], capillary electrophoresis Raman spectroscopy (CE-RS) [12], liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS n ) [2,13,14] and RNA-Aptamer-based assay [15] have been adapted for the detection of MG in various water matrices. Although the aforementioned techniques are considered as routine MG detection techniques, they are time-consuming and require complicated sample pretreatment (e.g., extraction, pre-concentration, derivatization, etc.).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative detection of trace malachite green in aquiculture water samples by extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Fang¹,

Yang²,

Chingin³

et al. 2016

Preprint

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Exposure to malachite green (MG) may pose great health risks to humans; thus, it is of prime importance to develop fast and robust methods to quantitatively screen the presence of malachite green in water. Herein the application of extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (EESI-MS) has been extended to the trace detection of MG within lake water and aquiculture water, due to the intensive use of MG as a biocide in fisheries. This method has the advantage of obviating offline liquid-liquid extraction or tedious matrix separation prior to the measurement of malachite green in native aqueous medium. The experimental results indicate that the extrapolated detection limit for MG was~3.8 µg·L −1 (S/N = 3) in lake water samples and 0.5 µg·L −1 in ultrapure water under optimized experimental conditions. The signal intensity of MG showed good linearity over the concentration range of 10-1000 µg·L −1 . Measurement of practical water samples fortified with MG at 0.01, 0.1 and 1.0 mg·L −1 gave a good validation of the established calibration curve. The average recoveries and relative standard deviation (RSD) of malachite green in lake water and Carassius carassius fish farm effluent water were 115% (6.64% RSD), 85.4% (9.17% RSD) and 96.0% (7.44% RSD), respectively. Overall, the established EESI-MS/MS method has been demonstrated suitable for sensitive and rapid (<2 min per sample) quantitative detection of malachite green in various aqueous media, indicating its potential for online real-time monitoring of real life samples.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative detection of trace malachite green in aquiculture water samples by extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Fang¹,

Yang²,

Chingin³

et al. 2016

Preprint

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show abstract

“…Thus far, the current detection methods for MG include HPLC [17][18][19], LC-MS [20,21] and UV/CEstacking [22] methods, etc. Each method has unique advantages and disadvantages with respect to sensitivity, precision and simplicity of use.…”

Section: Comparison Of Mekc/raman and Sweeping-mekc/raman Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new approach for the detection of a nonfluorescent compound by CE‐resonance Raman spectroscopy based on the sweeping‐MEKC mode

et al. 2006

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A CE-resonance Raman spectroscopy (CE-RRS) method based on MEKC and sweeping-MEKC modes is described. A nonfluorescent compound, malachite green (MG), and a doubled Nd:YAG laser (532 nm, 300 mW) were selected as model compound and light source, respectively. In order to carry out a quantitative analysis of MG, a monochromator (effective bandwidth, 0.4 nm) was used to collect the specific Raman line at 1616 cm(-1) (N-phi and C-C stretch, corresponding to 582 nm when the wavelength of the exciting source was 532 nm). As a result, the LOD for MG was 10 ppm, based on the MEKC/RRS mode. This could be improved to 5 ppb when the sweeping-MEKC/RRS mode was applied. Furthermore, with the addition of nano-size silver colloids to the CE buffer the detection limits can be further improved, but the data obtained with surface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy (SERRS) are less useful for quantitative purposes.

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“…For the determination of MG in fish farming water, a spectrophtometric method was reported (Pourreza and Elhami 2007). A series of LC methods for the determination of MG in different kinds of matrix have been developed with fluorescence (Ramos et al 2003), MS (Wu et al 2007;Valle et al 2005;Hall et al 2008) and MS/MS detection (Bergwerff and Scherpenisse 2003;Halme et al 2004;Scherpenisse and Bergwerff 2005;Lee et al 2006;Mitrowska et al 2008). However, MG, EN-FLX and CPFLX used as veterinary medicine in aquiculture altogether have not been determined simultaneously.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous determination of malachite green, enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in fish farming water and fish feed by liquid chromatography with solid-phase extraction

Sun

Wang

Qin

et al. 2010

Environ Monit Assess

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An effective and sensitive method for simultaneous analysis of malachite green (MG), enrofloxacin (ENFLX) and ciprofloxacin (CPFLX) by liquid chromatography-diode array detection with solid-phase extraction (SPE) is developed. The conditions of SPE and LC were investigated and optimised. The effective separation of these compounds was achieved using a ZY1104 C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) with 20 mM tetrabutyl ammonium bromide (pH 3.0)-acetonitrile as mobile phase and gradient elution. The diode array detection was used at 278 nm for ENFLX and CPFLX and at 613 nm for MG. Under the optimal conditions, the method LOD values of MG, ENFLX and CPFLX were 0.01, 0.07 and 0.10 μg L( -1) for fish farming water samples and 1.5, 10.5 and 15 μg kg( -1) for fish feed samples, respectively. The relative recoveries of the three analytes were achieved to be 76.7-82.3% with the RSDs (n = 5) of 3.2-4.6% for spiked fish farming water samples and 78.8-93.7% with the RSDs (n = 5) of 3.1-4.8% for spiked fish feed samples.

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Determination of residues of malachite green in finfish by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

Cited by 96 publications

References 5 publications

Quantitative detection of trace malachite green in aquiculture water samples by extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Quantitative detection of trace malachite green in aquiculture water samples by extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

A new approach for the detection of a nonfluorescent compound by CE‐resonance Raman spectroscopy based on the sweeping‐MEKC mode

Simultaneous determination of malachite green, enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in fish farming water and fish feed by liquid chromatography with solid-phase extraction

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