Determination of S-(-)-Cathinone and Its Main Metabolite R,S-(-)-Norephedrine In Human Plasma By High-Performance Liquid Chromatography and Photodiode Array Detection

Determination of the metabolites of the new designer drugs bk-MBDB and bk-MDEA in human urine

“…In our previous metabolism study of methylone, the b-ketone reduction pathway was not observed in human or rats [5], but b-ketonereduced compound has been reported to be one of the major metabolites of b-keto-phenethylamines, including cathinone, methcathinone, and diethylpropion, in humans. Brenneisen et al reported that cathinone is rapidly reduced in vivo to norephedrine, and to lesser extent, norpseudoephedrine [12,13]. Testa also reported that diethylpropion is reduced to aminopro- panols with the creation of a second asymmetric center to some extent [10].…”

“…However, we previously reported the metabolism of methylone in human and rats [5]. In addition, the metabolic pathways of other b-ketoamphetamines including cathinone and methcathinone in humans have been reported [10][11][12][13][14][15]. These reports suggest that Ndealkylation, demethylenation followed by O-methylation, and reduction of the b-ketone moiety could be the possible metabolic pathways of both bk-MBDB and bk-MDEA in humans.…”

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of khat: A controlled study

“…Plasma samples (4 ml) were mixed with 1 rnl sodium citrate buffer and stored at -20" C. Plasma concentrations of cathinone and its metabolites norephedrine and R,R-(-)-nor-pseudoephedrine35 were determined by HPLC. 36 The stability of cathinone in frozen plasma samples over a period of 12 months had been ascertained in a control experiment. 37 Pharmacodynamic measures.…”

Recently abused β-keto derivatives of 3,4-methylenedioxyphenylalkylamines: a review of their metabolisms and toxicological analysis

“…b-Keto-amphetamines, such as cathinone and methcathinone, are known to be metabolized partly by reduction of the ketone group to the corresponding amino alcohols, which are similar compounds to norephedrine and ephedrine, in humans [20][21][22][23][24], and bk-MDPAs are likely partially metabolized by reduction of the b-ketone group (Fig. 1).…”