Determination of seed yield, quality and fixed oil components of different basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) genotypes: Evaluation of fatty acid profile by PCA biplot analysis

Abstract

Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) plants are generally grown due to its medicinal properties. However, basil plants produce seed with a considerable amount at the end of growing season. This study was conducted to determine seed yield and quality and fixed oil components of eight different basil (B) genotypes which have purple (PB) and green (GB) leaf color and were obtained from different countries. To determine the seed yield and quality and fixed oil components, the properties of seed yield, 1000 seeds weight, oil ratio, oil yield, crude protein, ash, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, hexadeca-trienoic acid, ethyl linolate and trace oil contents were examined. Seed yield, 1000 seeds weight and oil yield were significant statistically among the genotypes. While the best results in terms of seed and oil yield was obtained from GB1, the highest 1000 seeds weight was recorded in GB4. Palmitic acid and trace oil contents of genotypes were significant statistically. The highest palmitic acid content was detected in GB2, whereas the maximum trace oil contents were obtained from GB5. In results of principle compo-nents analysis (PCA) purple and green basil types demonstrated different features in terms of fixed oil components. GB2, GB4 and GB5 basil genotypes which have green leaf type were superior according to the PCA. GB2 genotype obtained from Hungary was the better in terms of seed yield and fixed oil compo-nents among the purple and green basil genotypes used in this research.